Topic
Nuclear DNA
About: Nuclear DNA is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3933 publications have been published within this topic receiving 185830 citations.
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01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this paper, a C-terminal truncated form of p53 (p53 delta 30), which is constitutively active for DNA binding and similar to an alternately spliced form found in vivo, showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of DNA replication in both the soluble SV40 system and eukaryotic nuclei.
Abstract: p53 is a transcriptional activator and repressor, but recent evidence suggests that some of its many biological functions may not be dependent on transcription. To determine whether p53 exerts a direct influence on nuclear DNA replication, purified human p53 was added to a transcription‐free DNA replication extract from Xenopus eggs. Full‐length human p53 that inhibits SV40 DNA replication in vitro had no effect on nuclear DNA synthesis in the Xenopus system. In contrast, a C‐terminal truncated form of p53 (p53 delta 30), which is constitutively active for DNA binding and similar to an alternately spliced form found in vivo, showed a concentration‐dependent inhibition of DNA replication in both the soluble SV40 system and eukaryotic nuclei. This inhibition occurred primarily at initiation of DNA synthesis. Oxidation of p53 delta 30, which eliminates DNA binding activity, also abrogated the protein's ability to inhibit nuclear DNA synthesis. The p53 binding DNA consensus sequence enhanced rather than competed away inhibitory activity of p53 delta 30. Therefore, p53 that is constitutively active for DNA binding can inhibit nuclear DNA replication in the absence of transcription. This inhibition may require binding of p53 to DNA, in addition to interactions between p53 and proteins of the replication complex.
87 citations
TL;DR: It is found that kinetoplast elongation occurs mainly during nuclear S phase and not during G2, as previously assumed, and simultaneous quantitative imaging at two wavelengths can be used to determine the abundance of cell-cycle-regulated proteins during the cell cycle.
87 citations
TL;DR: A survey of 51 species from Nicotiana subgg.Tabacum, Rustica andPetunioides has shown that evolution was accompanied by a five-fold variation in nuclear DNA amounts, however, this variation was not directly correlated with the changes in chromosome number.
Abstract: A survey of 51 species fromNicotiana subgg.Tabacum, Rustica andPetunioides has shown that evolution was accompanied by a five-fold variation in nuclear DNA amounts. This variation, however, was not directly correlated with the changes in chromosome number. Drastic rearrangement of karyotypes is characteristic for the evolution ofNicotiana spp. Significant gain or loss in nuclear DNA has often accompanied such changes, but DNA variation has also occurred without significant changes in karyotype arrangements.—The distribution of nuclear DNA is discontinuous inNicotiana, species cluster into DNA groups with consistently regular increments in the mean DNA amounts. The discontinuities are viewed as “steady states” in terms of genomic balance and biological fitness.—Changes in the amount of nuclear DNA and in the heterochromatin are compared with the morphological, chromosomal and adaptive changes which accompanied speciation in 14 subgeneric sections. The evolutionary significance of DNA variation is discussed.
87 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that DNA template activation involves direct interactions between polyanion and nuclear constituents and suggest the possibility that naturally occurring polyanions might have a role in the control of gene activity.
Abstract: Specific polyanions release DNA template restrictions for DNA synthesis in isolated rat liver nuclei. The degree to which DNA synthesis is enhanced can be correlated with a spectrum of changes in nuclear structure Each polyanion which is effective in the release of template restriction produces a characteristic alteration in nuclear ultrastructure. Polyanions which have no effect on DNA synthesis do not appear to cause any change in nuclear organization or ultrastructure. Parallel measurements of nuclear DNA release and nuclear volume changes also indicate that template-activating polyanions cause remarkable changes in the structural organization of the treated nuclei. These results indicate that DNA template activation involves direct interactions between polyanions and nuclear constituents and suggest the possibility that naturally occurring polyanions might have a role in the control of gene activity
87 citations
TL;DR: In this article, DNA from spermatids, 4-cell stages, and larvae of Ascaris lumbricoides was isolated, and the genome size before and after chromatin elimination was determined by isotope dilution.
87 citations