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Nuclear matter
About: Nuclear matter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10180 publications have been published within this topic receiving 248261 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that uncertainties in the strength of interactions of hyperons among themselves and with nucleons lead to a large uncertainty in the maximum allowed neutron star mass, even if the properties of nuclear and neutron matter are known with infinite precision around normal nuclear matter density and below.
90 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the three-body forces on the total energy, computed with an extended Galitskii-Migdal-Koltun sum-rule, was discussed.
Abstract: We present calculations for symmetric nuclear matter using chiral nuclear interactions within the self-consistent Green's functions approach in the ladder approximation. Three-body forces are included via effective one-body and two-body interactions, computed from an uncorrelated average over a third particle. We discuss the effect of the three-body forces on the total energy, computed with an extended Galitskii-Migdal-Koltun sum-rule, as well as on single-particle properties. Saturation properties are substantially improved when three-body forces are included, but there is still some underlying dependence on the similarity renormalization group evolution scale.
90 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed calculations of the thermodynamic properties of uniform dense matter at finite temperature using the Skyrme nuclear interaction and showed that nuclei with proton fractions in the range 0.044-0.335 may coexist with a pure neutron fluid, but at lower proton fraction protons "drip" as well.
Abstract: We perform calculations of the thermodynamic properties of uniform dense matter at finite temperature using the Skyrme nuclear interaction. The calculations are valid for arbitrary proton concentrations and temperatures. The equation of state is compared with earlier investigations done for a few restricted cases. In order to understand the conditions under which one might expect to find nuclei immersed in a sea of nucleons, we explore the coexistence of two fluid phases with different proton concentrations. At zero temperature, nuclei with proton fractions in the range 0.044-0.335 may coexist with a pure neutron fluid, but at lower proton fractions protons ''drip'' as well. At finite temperatures, nuclear droplets with proton fractions up to 0.5 may coexist with fluid also containing up to 50% protons. A phase diagram for nuclear matter is presented. The critical temperature, as a function of proton concentration, above which no coexistence is possible and nuclei evaporate, is established. Its maximum value is k/sub B/T=20MeV, which occurs in the cse of symmetric nuclear matter.
90 citations
TL;DR: An improved version of the supersoft core interaction is presented in this article, where the known π-, ρ- and gw-exchange contributions are incorporated, while the core and the remainder of the intermediate range are treated phenomenologically.
89 citations
TL;DR: The evolution of the universe is the ultimate laboratory to study fundamental physics across energy scales that span about 25 orders of magnitude: from the grand unification scale through particle and nuclear physics scales down to the scale of atomic physics.
Abstract: The evolution of the Universe is the ultimate laboratory to study fundamental physics across energy scales that span about 25 orders of magnitude: from the grand unification scale through particle and nuclear physics scales down to the scale of atomic physics. The standard models of cosmology and particle physics provide the basic understanding of the early and present Universe and predict a series of phase transitions that occurred in succession during the expansion and cooling history of the Universe. We survey these phase transitions, highlighting the equilibrium and non-equilibrium effects as well as their observational and cosmological consequences. We discuss the current theoretical and experimental programs to study phase transitions in QCD and nuclear matter in accelerators along with the new results on novel states of matter as well as on multi- fragmentation in nuclear matter. A critical assessment of similarities and differences between the conditions in the early universe and those in ultra- relativistic heavy ion collisions is presented. Cosmological observations and accelerator experiments are converging towards an unprecedented understanding of the early and present Universe.
89 citations