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Nuclear matter

About: Nuclear matter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10180 publications have been published within this topic receiving 248261 citations.


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TL;DR: In this paper, a self-consistent nuclear density functional theory (DFT) with Skyrme energy density functionals and covariance analysis was used to assess correlations between observables for finite nuclei and neutron stars.
Abstract: Background: Recent observational data on neutron star masses and radii provide stringent constraints on the equation of state of neutron rich matter [Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 62, 485 (2012)].Purpose: We aim to develop a nuclear energy density functional that can be simultaneously applied to finite nuclei and neutron stars.Methods: We use the self-consistent nuclear density functional theory (DFT) with Skyrme energy density functionals and covariance analysis to assess correlations between observables for finite nuclei and neutron stars. In a first step two energy functionals---a high density energy functional giving reasonable neutron properties, and a low density functional fitted to nuclear properties---are matched. In a second step, we optimize a new functional using exactly the same protocol as in earlier studies pertaining to nuclei but now including neutron star data. This allows direct comparisons of performance of the new functional relative to the standard one.Results: The new functional TOV-min yields results for nuclear bulk properties (energy, rms radius, diffraction radius, and surface thickness) that are of the same quality as those obtained with the established Skyrme functionals, including SV-min. When comparing SV-min and TOV-min, isoscalar nuclear matter indicators vary slightly while isovector properties are changed considerably. We discuss neutron skins, dipole polarizability, separation energies of the heaviest elements, and proton and neutron drip lines. We confirm a correlation between the neutron skin of ${}^{208}$Pb and the neutron star radius.Conclusions: We demonstrate that standard energy density functionals optimized to nuclear data do not carry information on the expected maximum neutron star mass, and that predictions can only be made within an extremely broad uncertainty band. For atomic nuclei, the new functional TOV-min performs at least as well as the standard nuclear functionals, but it also reproduces expected neutron star data within assumed error bands. This functional is expected to yield more reliable predictions in the region of very neutron rich heavy nuclei.

81 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a theory for the elastic nuclear heavy-ion scattering in a phenomenological way is presented, where the density properties of finite nuclei are derived with a schematic ansatz for the interaction energy between nuclear matter.
Abstract: A theory is presented to calculate potentials for the elastic nuclear heavy-ion scattering in a phenomenological way. The density properties of finite nuclei are derived with a schematic ansatz for the interaction energy between nuclear matter. The same interaction energy is applied to the calculation of the real part of the heavy-ion potential, which is of the quasimolecular type. The imaginary part is connected with the outflow time of nuclear matter out of compressed regions of overlapping nuclei. The resulting cross section for the elastic O16-O16 scattering reproduces the experiment up to 30 MeV quite well. An effective compression modulus of the S32 compound system can be deduced from the scattering experiment. It results to be about 200 MeV.

81 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a model-independent description of low-density neutron matter based on the virial expansion is presented. But the authors do not consider the physics of the large neutron-neutron scattering length.

80 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a systematic survey of the range of predictions of the neutron star inner crust composition, crust-core transition densities and pressures, and density range of the nuclear "pasta" phases at the bottom of the crust provided by the compressible liquid drop model in the light of current experimental and theoretical constraints on model parameters.
Abstract: We present a systematic survey the range of predictions of the neutron star inner crust composition, crust-core transition densities and pressures, and density range of the nuclear ‘pasta’ phases at the bottom of the crust provided by the compressible liquid drop model in the light of current experimental and theoretical constraints on model parameters. Using a Skyrme-like model for nuclear matter, we construct baseline sequences of crust models by consistently varying the density dependence of the bulk symmetry energy at nuclear saturation density, L, under two conditions: (i) that the magnitude of the symmetry energy at saturation density J is held constant, and (ii) J correlates with L under the constraint that the pure neutron matter (PNM) EoS satises the results of ab-initio calculations at low densities. Such baseline crust models facilitate consistent exploration of the L dependence of crustal properties. The remaining surface energy and symmetric nuclear matter parameters are systematically varied around the baseline, and dierent functional forms of the PNM EoS at sub-saturation densities implemented, to estimate theoretical ‘error bars’ for the baseline predictions. Inner crust composition and transition densities are shown to be most sensitive to the surface energy at very low proton fractions and to the behavior of the sub-saturation PNM EoS. Recent calculations of the energies of neutron drops suggest that the low-proton-fraction surface energy might be higher than predicted in Skyrme-like models, which our study suggests may result in a greatly reduced volume of pasta in the crust than conventionally predicted.

80 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: Transport coefficients are obtained by incorporating a gauge principle into thermo field dynamics of inhomogeneous systems in this paper, where neither imaginary time arguments nor perturbation theory in powers of a coupling constant are used in the calculation.
Abstract: Transport coefficients are obtained by incorporating a gauge principle into thermo field dynamics of inhomogeneous systems In contrast to previous derivations, neither imaginary time arguments nor perturbation theory in powers of a coupling constant are used in the calculation Numerical values are calculated for the pion component in hot nuclear matter

80 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023132
2022299
2021252
2020268
2019256
2018240