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Nuclear matter
About: Nuclear matter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10180 publications have been published within this topic receiving 248261 citations.
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198 citations
TL;DR: In most nuclei, protons and neutrons are smoothly distributed throughout the nuclear volume. Exceptions to this rule are molecularlike states, especially in light nuclei where light nuclear clusters such as alpha particles are present as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In most nuclei, protons and neutrons are smoothly distributed throughout the nuclear volume. Exceptions to this rule are molecularlike states, especially in light nuclei, where light nuclear clusters such as alpha particles are present. The most prominent example is the 7.65 MeV Hoyle state in carbon-12 that plays an essential role in the production of carbon in stars in the triple-alpha process. This work reviews progress and prospects in the studies of nuclear clustering, including molecular states in alpha-conjugate and neutron-rich systems.
196 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate that a moderate strangeness-dependent contribution of to the axial vector coupling constant can turn an unsuccessful three-dimensional (3D) model into a successful explosion, in contrast to the model with vanishing strangeness contributions to neutrino-nucleon scattering.
Abstract: Interactions with neutrons and protons play a crucial role for the neutrino opacity of matter in the supernova core. Their current implementation in many simulation codes, however, is rather schematic and ignores not only modifications for the correlated nuclear medium of the nascent neutron star, but also free-space corrections from nucleon recoil, weak magnetism, or strange quarks, which can easily add up to changes of several 10% for neutrino energies in the spectral peak. In the Garching supernova simulations with the Prometheus-Vertex code, such sophistications have been included for a long time except for the strange-quark contributions to the nucleon spin, which affect neutral-current neutrino scattering. We demonstrate on the basis of a 20 progenitor star that a moderate strangeness-dependent contribution of to the axial-vector coupling constant can turn an unsuccessful three-dimensional (3D) model into a successful explosion. Such a modification is in the direction of current experimental results and reduces the neutral-current scattering opacity of neutrons, which dominate in the medium around and above the neutrinosphere. This leads to increased luminosities and mean energies of all neutrino species and strengthens the neutrino-energy deposition in the heating layer. Higher nonradial kinetic energy in the gain layer signals enhanced buoyancy activity that enables the onset of the explosion at ~300 ms after bounce, in contrast to the model with vanishing strangeness contributions to neutrino–nucleon scattering. Our results demonstrate the close proximity to explosion of the previously published, unsuccessful 3D models of the Garching group.
196 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of hadron structure changes in a nuclear medium using the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model is studied, which is based on a mean field description of non-overlapping nucleon (or baryon) bags bound by the self-consistent exchange of scalar and vector mesons in the isoscalar and isovector channels.
196 citations
TL;DR: Bauge et al. as mentioned in this paper established a Lane-consistent optical model for nucleons incident on spherical and near-spherical nuclei with masses $40l~Al~209.$.
Abstract: A semimicroscopic, Lane-consistent optical model is established up to 200 MeV for nucleons incident on spherical and near-spherical nuclei with masses $40l~Al~209.$ This model, based on the earlier approach of Jeukenne, Lejeune, and Mahaux in nuclear matter, is an extension of our previous work [E. Bauge, J. P. Delaroche, and M. Girod, Phys. Rev. C 58, 1118 (1998)]. The modulus of the isovector potential is extracted and compared with measurements and fully microscopic predictions. Good overall descriptions of nucleon scattering, of transitions to isobaric analog states, and of reaction observables are obtained down to 1 keV. Those results are discussed in detail.
196 citations