Nuclear matter

About: Nuclear matter is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10180 publications have been published within this topic receiving 248261 citations.

Density dependence of the symmetry energy and the nuclear equation of state: A dynamical and statistical model perspective

Abstract: The density dependence of the symmetry energy in the equation of state of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter is of significant importance for studying the structure of systems as diverse as the neutron-rich nuclei and the neutron stars. A number of reactions using the dynamical and the statistical models of multifragmentation, and the experimental isoscaling observable, are studied to extract information on the density dependence of the symmetry energy. It is observed that the dynamical and the statistical model calculations give consistent results assuming the sequential decay effect in dynamical model to be small. A comparison with several other independent studies is also made to obtain important constraints on the form of the density dependence of the symmetry energy. The comparison rules out an extremely ``stiff'' and ``soft'' forms of the density dependence of the symmetry energy with important implications for astrophysical and nuclear physics studies.

Relativistic density-dependent Hartree approach for finite nuclei.

Abstract: We develop a relativistic density-dependent Hartree approach for finite nuclei, where the coupling constants of the relativistic Hartree Lagrangian are made density dependent and are obtained from the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock results of nuclear matter. The calculated results on binding energies and root mean square radii of {sup 16}O and {sup 40}Ca agree very well with experiment. The charge densities from electron scattering are also calculated and their dependence on the nucleon-nucleon interaction is discussed in relation with nuclear matter properties.

Variation in Nuclear-Matter Binding Energies with Phase-Shift-Equivalent Two-Body Potentials

Abstract: For any given two-body Hamiltonian, there exists a large class of unitarily equivalent Hamiltonians that lead to the same scattering phase shifts at all energies. The purpose of this paper is to exhibit typical saturation curves for reasonable equivalent potentials. The binding energy per particle changes by several MeV in either direction, and the saturation minimum shifts to higher or lower density as the binding increases or decreases. Softening the potential increases the binding. The separation approximation for the reaction matrix provides qualitative insight into these effects. Our exact calculations start with simple local $s$-wave potentials with either a hard core or a Yukawa core. The binding energy per particle is calculated in the Brueckner approximation with self-consistent single-particle energies below the Fermi level. For our examples we use unitary transformations that differ from the identity by a short-range operator of rank 2 and transformations induced by distortions of the radial scale. The latter class of transformations alters the core radius and produces potential terms that are linear in the square of the momentum.