Showing papers on "o-Cresol published in 2003"
TL;DR: In this paper, mesoporous Al-MCM-41 molecular sieve materials with three different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios were used as catalysts for phenol methylation with methanol as the alkylating agent.
Abstract: Mesoporous Al-MCM-41 molecular sieve materials with three different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios were used as catalysts for phenol methylation with methanol as the alkylating agent. Reaction conditions such as temperature, feed flow rate, the reactant mole ratio and the catalyst SiO2/Al2O3 ratio have significant influence on the distribution of products. The formation of the predominant product o-cresol was enhanced by lower temperature, less amount of alkylating agent in the feed and lower acidity of the catalyst with an optimum WHSV value of 1.78 h−1. Higher acidity favoured the formation of C-alkylated products, while O-alkylation required lower acid strength of the catalyst. Formation of double alkylated products was associated with higher temperature, large contact time, excess of methanol in the feed and higher acid strength of the catalyst.
59 citations
TL;DR: The generalised H-point standard addition method (GHPSAM) was applied to quantify phenol and o-cresol in waters and compared with other analytical approaches and pseudo-first order kinetic behaviour of the reaction products was demonstrated.
Abstract: The generalised H-point standard addition method (GHPSAM) was applied to quantify phenol and o-cresol in waters and compared with other analytical approaches. The method is based on spectroscopic and kinetic measurement of the formation of derivatives with p-aminophenol and KIO4 in presence of NaOH. First, pseudo-first order kinetic behaviour of the reaction products was demonstrated. The unbiased formation rate constants of phenol and o-cresol derivatives were calculated. The analytical figures of merit were determined using the GHPSAM as calibration method. Detection limits achieved were 0.2 μg L−1 of phenol and 0.2 μg L−1 of o-cresol using a preconcentration factor of 10. Styrene–divinyl benzene cartridges were used in the preconcentration step. Repeatability values were 3.7% for phenol and 2.0% for o-cresol; reproducibility values were 6.9% and 3.5%, respectively. Accurate and precise results were obtained when the method was applied to real samples of natural water.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the solubility of phenol in m-cresol has been measured at four different temperatures, 293, 298, 303 and 308 K, with pressure ranging from 1 to 100 bar.
2 citations