Object-oriented design

About: Object-oriented design is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5136 publications have been published within this topic receiving 144108 citations.

Toward the Design Quality Evaluation of Object-Oriented Software Systems

Abstract: This paper presents some advances towards the quantitative evaluation of design attributes of object-oriented software systems. We believe that these attributes can express the quality of internal structure, thus being strongly correlated with quality characteristics like analyzability, changeability, stability and testabilility, which are important to software developers and maintainers. An OO design metrics set is reviewed, along with its rationale. An experiment for collection and analysis of those metrics is described and several suppositions regarding the design are evaluated. A considerable number of class taxonomies written in the C++ language were used as a sample. A tool to collect those metrics was built and used for that purpose. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the collected data. Results show that some design heuristics can be derived and used to help guide the design process. It was also clear that a number of follow-up topics deserve further research.

Meta Patterns - A Means For Capturing the Essentials of Reusable Object-Oriented Design

Abstract: There is an undeniable demand to capture already proven and matured object-oriented design so that building reusable object-oriented software does not always have to start from scratch. The term design pattern emerged as buzzword that is associated as a means to meet that goal. Already existing approaches such as the catalog of design patterns of Erich Gamma et al. [5, 6] and Peter Coad's object-oriented patterns [3] differ in the applied notation as well as the way of abstracting from specific application domains.

Evaluating the effect of a delegated versus centralized control style on the maintainability of object-oriented software

Abstract: A fundamental question in object-oriented design is how to design maintainable software. According to expert opinion, a delegated control style, typically a result of responsibility-driven design, represents object-oriented design at its best, whereas a centralized control style is reminiscent of a procedural solution, or a "bad" object-oriented design. We present a controlled experiment that investigates these claims empirically. A total of 99 junior, intermediate, and senior professional consultants from several international consultancy companies were hired for one day to participate in the experiment. To compare differences between (categories of) professionals and students, 59 students also participated. The subjects used professional Java tools to perform several change tasks on two alternative Java designs that had a centralized and delegated control style, respectively. The results show that the most skilled developers, in particular, the senior consultants, require less time to maintain software with a delegated control style than with a centralized control style. However, more novice developers, in particular, the undergraduate students and junior consultants, have serious problems understanding a delegated control style, and perform far better with a centralized control style. Thus, the maintainability of object-oriented software depends, to a large extent, on the skill of the developers who are going to maintain it. These results may have serious implications for object-oriented development in an industrial context: having senior consultants design object-oriented systems may eventually pose difficulties unless they make an effort to keep the designs simple, as the cognitive complexity of "expert" designs might be unmanageable for less skilled maintainers.

Introduction to Systems Analysis and Design

Abstract: The system design environment systems some common information systems gathering information problem solving steps starting a project data flow diagrams describing data additional modelling method process description object modelling documentation designing a new system user interface design relational analysis database design program design productivity tools project management strategic planning quality assurance cases.

Rotating virtual objects with real handles

Abstract: Times for virtual object rotations reported in the literature are of the order of 10 seconds or more and this is far longer than it takes to manually orient a “real” object, such as a cup. This is a report of a series of experiments designed to investigate the reasons for this difference and to help design interfaces for object manipulation. The results suggest that two major factors are important. Having the hand physically in the same location as the virtual object being manipulated is one. The other is based on whether the object is being rotatted to a new, randomly determined orientation, or is always rotated to the same position. Making the object held in the hand have the same physical shape as the object being visually manipulated was not found to be a significant factor. The results are discussed in the context of interactive virtual environments.