Showing papers on "Offset (computer science) published in 1977"

Integrating analog-to-digital converter having digitally-derived offset error compensation and bipolar operation without zero discontinuity

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter of the ramp-integrator type utilizing a special technique to reduce errors due to offset voltages. The integrator first is ramped up and then back to a reference level, by sequential application of opposite-polarity reference signals. A digital determination of net offset error then is made by comparing the total time of ramp-up-and-back with a fixed time period set by a clock generator. During the subsequent conversion operation, integration of the analog signal is controlled in accordance with the amount of net offset error so as to provide a feed-forward error correction. Integration is always in the same direction away from zero for analog signals of either polarity, thus avoiding the effects of discontinuity around zero input.

Focal point detecting device for SLR camera

Abstract: A pair of wedge prisms 11, 11' are disposed at an optical position equivalent to that of the film 10 in an SLR camera, and light from the object is directed thereon by a mirror 4 or the like The prisms split the object image into two halves which are projected onto a two row array of thin photocells or the like, whereby the relative lateral displacement between the image halves as well as their level of contrast is a function of the degree of correct image focus The latter is sensed by subtractively of differentially comparing the outputs of paired, laterally offset photocells in the two rows, such pairing being implemented in both directions The output summation signal exhibits an easily detectable sharp peak when the object is properly focused, thereby enabling automatic focal point detection

Numerically controlled machine tool system with programmable tool offset

Abstract: A numerically controlled machine tool system which is responsive to a succession of stored data sequences to control the position of a cutting element with respect to a workpiece affixed to a workpiece positioning table. Each data sequence is associated with a point on a desired workpiece contour and includes data representative of a desired offset path which is parallel to and offset from a direct path of a selected type which intersects that point. During the machining mode of operation, the system determines a path segment for the cutting element to follow in association with a selected current sequence. For the current sequence, the system addresses only sequences in a contiguous group of sequences that includes the current sequence, and that relates to an identified portion of the desired workpiece contour. The system considers that contiguous group of sequences as forming an endless loop wherein the last sequence of the group precedes the first sequence of the group. For a current sequence, the system looks ahead to the next subsequent sequence and looks behind to the next previous sequence, determines offset paths associated with those sequences (in accordance with the offset data stored in association with the respective sequences), identifies the point of intersection of those offset paths, and then controls the cutting element to this intersection point. This operation is repeated in the machining mode of operation for each sequence in succession as the respective ones of the sequences become the current sequence, thereby permitting automatic cutting element path control together with desired selection offset values for use with individual machining operations.

Offset compensated electronic current sensor and controller

Abstract: An offset compensated electronic current sensor and controller for automatically controlling the extension and retraction of a power antenna with the energization and de-energization of an automobile electronic search tune radio receiver.

Offset correction circuit for phase detectors

Abstract: An offset error correction circuit for improved reception of signals by compensating for any offset error voltage produced by a phase detector in the absence of an input signal to the detector. The error correction circuit translates the offset error voltage into a digital value and stores that value in a counter. When a PSK signal is applied to the circuit, the error correction circuit subtracts the stored value of the offset error voltage from the output of the phase detector which compensates for the offset error. The compensation for the offset error provides an improved signal to noise ratio.

Offset correction apparatus for a successive approximation A/D converter

Abstract: An offset correction apparatus for a successive approximation analog to digital converter which will correct the A/D converter-derived offset voltage as referred to the analog input to within ±1mV of a preset reference over a wide temperature range.

Offset spindle support

Abstract: An offset spindle and spindle support for a mobile home axle is disclosed, in which the wheel spindle is vertically offset with respect to a conventional axle tube. The offset support comprises a generally cup-shaped stamping and utilizes the backing plate of the brake to form a box-section, low-cost high strength offset support for a forged wheel spindle.

100-GHz measurements on a multiple-beam offset antenna

Abstract: Large-capacity satellite communication systems can be developed by equipping both satellites and earth stations with multiple-beam antennas. Such antennas can be produced from an offset Cassegrain with offset collectors as feeds.

Multiple reflection suppression in marine seismic exploration with long source and detector arrays

Abstract: In marine seismic exploration, a long array of sources efficiently transfers energy along the reflection path. Multiple reflection rejection is achieved by normal move-out discrimination at selected trace distances for each reflection. The length of the source array is changed in accordance with the geological characteristics of the sub-surface formations being explored and the reflection time of reflections from formations of interest. A split source array allows one section of the array to be moved with respect to the other to change the overall length of the array without changing the number of sources which are fired. Primary to multiple reflection enhancement is obtained by selecting only traces having source to detector offset distances with a primary to multiple amplitude response ratio greater than one.

Method and apparatus for substantially reducing cross polarized radiation in offset reflector antennas

Abstract: The polarization properties of the field radiated from a polarization grid have been found to be similar to those in the aperture of an offset curved focusing reflector. Therefore, broadband cancellation of the polarization rotation in a large offset reflector is substantially accomplished in the present invention by the opposite prerotation of the incident feed radiation via a polarization grid. For maximum cancellation the polarization grid, having parallel spaced-apart elements, is disposed at an angle to a plane normal to the feed axis of the offset reflector which approximates one-half of the value of the angle between the feed axis and the offset reflector axis.

Automatic d-c offset cancellation in PCM encoders

Abstract: During encoding of voice frequency (VF) signal in a PCM channel bank the encoder encounters direct current (d-c) offset component resulting from the particular VF signal. Such d-c offsets cause errors above and beyond the normal errors inherent in the normal encoding process. The present invention alleviates this problem by providing an automatic d-c offset cancellation circuit which closely follows the d-c offset component and provides a d-c component of opposite sign to cancel it.

Feed control system

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make work time reduced, through shifting the point where switchover from fast feed to cutting feed takes place, by the amount of offset which is set in the setting unit.

Bucket brigade circuit for signal scaling

Abstract: A charge transfer device capacitive ratio voltage multiplication circuit has been devised which solves the problem of cumulative DC bias offset by adding a DC signal compensation branch to prevent the accumulation of DC offset potential. The circuit can be expanded to form a weighted sum of multiple inputs which does not incur any corresponding DC bias offset, by making the sum of the characteristic capacitances of each of the multiple inputs equal to the characteristic capacitance of the output portion of the charge transfer device circuit. The circuit allows arithmetic operations to be performed on input signals solely in the charge domain without the necessity of converting charge to voltage to charge, thereby avoiding losses, distortions, offsets and a reduction in dynamic range which would otherwise result.

Mask or wafer for production of semiconductor elements and device for aligning these

Abstract: PURPOSE: To avert the damaging of real elements by inserting a mask provided with alignment marks to the extra-fine strip-form regions between a real element pattern and a real element pattern and prevent the occurrence of offset quantity by simultaneously forming the real elements and marks. COPYRIGHT: (C)1978,JPO&Japio

Offset angle measurement of magnetic head

Abstract: PURPOSE: To enhance the measurement accuracy with the use of a simple method by reproducing plural kinds of burst signals, which are recorded in advance in the same track of a magnetic recording medium with the use of such a head as has offset angles preset in difference levels, to obtain an output ratio. COPYRIGHT: (C)1978,JPO&Japio

Typefounding camera for offset lighography of upright posture and hori zontal alignment type

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce amount of works for and space occupoed by a typefounding camera, by making an original supporting plate and a film supporting plate turnable.

Nonnlinear distortion offset unit

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a non-linear distortion offset unit which is suitable for the use in the wideband transmission channel, by cascade-connecting a circuit which is a combination of a circuit that equalizes the linear transmission error and another circuit which sets off non-linear distortion to the given transmission system.

Transmission method of dc data

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prevent erroneous operations of the line receiver due to noisy pulse, etc. by setting the bias resistor circuit of offset in the final resistor of the end of reception.

Circuit for shaping signal waveform

Abstract: PURPOSE:The scanning region of storage-type pickup tube is secured broader than the pattern measurement and offset level of non-signal region is detected in order to compensate the video signal. In this way, delete time is shortened and at the same time read-out velocity is improved.

Constructing device for long material with offset

Abstract: PURPOSE: To keep a good bend of an offset part by controlling a long material which has the offset along a path which is on one and another constructing parts and connects betweeneach path. COPYRIGHT: (C)1979,JPO&Japio

Device for controlling elevator

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable compensating of offset of a motor and generating of balance torque at motor rapidly before starting

Current amplifying circuit

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the current amplifying circuit wich can obtain high gain with less circuit current and performs stable operation with less offset, by constituting a positive feedback circuit through connecting the collector of a Tr to the base of another Tr.

Zero offset in electromagnetic flowmeters.

Abstract: In electromagnetic square-wave flowmeters, it should be theoretically possible to determine zero flow by turning off the magnet drive. In actuality, this is not possible. A major source of zero offset in many commercial flowmeters lies in the fact that the very large voltage transients, seen as the flowmeter drive switches polarity, are distorted by the input amplifiers. This can be corrected by improved amplifier design. A second source of zero offset when flow probes have been immersed in conducting fluids is resistive leakage between the drive voltage and the input electrodes. This can be minimized through the use of shielded coils, with shield grounded, and by the use of a magnet drive isolated from ground. If both of these sources of zero offset are corrected, offset is greatly reduced. Polarization of the flowmeter electrodes, which has previously been suggested as a cause of zero offset, was not detected.

Traffic signal control unit

Abstract: PURPOSE:To individually command parameters such as offset values, split values, etc., without sending step command signals from the center to terminals.