Topic
Oil droplet
About: Oil droplet is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1170 publications have been published within this topic receiving 32149 citations.
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01 Nov 1998-Journal of Comparative Physiology A-neuroethology Sensory Neural and Behavioral Physiology
TL;DR: This work examines the advantages of coloured oil droplets, UV vision and tetrachromacy for discriminating a diverse set of avian plumage spectra under natural illumination and finds that Discriminability is enhanced both by tetrACHromacy and coloured oil Droplets.
Abstract: There is a growing body of data on avian eyes, including measurements of visual pigment and oil droplet spectral absorption, and of receptor densities and their distributions across the retina. These data are sufficient to predict psychophysical colour discrimination thresholds for light-adapted eyes, and hence provide a basis for relating eye design to visual needs. We examine the advantages of coloured oil droplets, UV vision and tetrachromacy for discriminating a diverse set of avian plumage spectra under natural illumination. Discriminability is enhanced both by tetrachromacy and coloured oil droplets. Oil droplets may also improve colour constancy. Comparison of the performance of a pigeon's eye, where the shortest wavelength receptor peak is at 410 nm, with that of the passerine Leiothrix, where the ultraviolet-sensitive peak is at 365 nm, generally shows a small advantage to the latter, but this advantage depends critically on the noise level in the sensitivity mechanism and on the set of spectra being viewed.
687 citations
TL;DR: The primary influence on avian retinal design appears to be the range of wavelengths available for vision, regardless of whether that range is determined by the spectral distribution of the natural illumination or the spectral transmittance of the ocular media.
549 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that it is possible to create remarkably small transparent O/W nanoemulsions with average diameters as low as 40nm from sunflower oil using ultrasound or high shear homogenization and a surfactant/co-surfactant/oil system that is well optimised.
548 citations
TL;DR: Microspectrophotometric examination of the retinal photoreceptors of the budgerigar, Melopsittacus undulatus (Psittaciformes) and the zebra finch and the Taeniopygia guttata (Passeriformes), demonstrate the presence of four, spectrally distinct classes of single cone that contain visual pigments absorbing maximally at about 565, 507, 430-445 and 360-380 nm.
484 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the route of preparation as well as the surfactant concentration on the droplet size distribution was investigated by means of laser light scattering, and it was shown that fine droplets are absent when changing the way of emulsification and thereby avoiding a phase inversion to occur.
451 citations