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Only child

About: Only child is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 348 publications have been published within this topic receiving 7003 citations. The topic is also known as: only kid & only children.


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Book
30 Aug 1964
TL;DR: The Innate Morality of the Baby, Instincts and Normal Difficulties, Inst instincts and normal Difficultie, and Roots of Aggression are reviewed.
Abstract: * Introduction Mother And Child * A Man Looks at Motherhood * Getting to Know Your Baby * The Baby as a Going Concern * Infant Feeding * Where the Food Goes * The End of the Digestive Process * Close-up of Mother Feeding Baby * Breast Feeding * Why Do Babies Cry? * The World in Small Doses * The Baby as a Person * Weaning * Further Thoughts on Babies as Persons * The Innate Morality of the Baby * Instincts and Normal Difficulties * Young Children and Other People The Family * What About Father? * Their Standards and Yours * What Do We Mean by a Normal Child? * The Only Child * Twins * Why Children Play * The Child and Sex * Stealing and Telling Lies * First Experiments in Independence * Support for Normal Parents The Outside World * Needs of the Under-Fives * Mother, Teacher, and the Childs Needs * On Influencing and Being Influenced * Educational Diagnosis * Shyness and Nervous Disorders in Children * Sex Education in Schools * Visiting Children in Hospital * Aspects of Juvenile Delinquency * Roots of Aggression

888 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a confluence model is developed that explains the effects of birth order and family size on intelligence, and it predicts positive and negative effects of the birth order, a necessarily negative effect of family size, and a handicap for the last born and the only child.
Abstract: A confluence model is developed that explains the effects of birth order and family size on intelligence. Intellectual development within the family context is conceived of as depending on the cumulative effects of the intellectual environment, which, for the purposes of the model, consist primarily of the siblings’ and parents’ intelligence. Mutual influences, through time, on the intellectual development of the siblings are described by the growth parameter a. The confluence model predicts positive as well as negative effects of birth order, a necessarily negative effect of family size, and a handicap for the last born and the only child. The model explains several features of a large birth order study carried out on nearly 400,000 19-year olds. A number of implications of the model are discussed, among them the effects of age separation between successive children. In agreement with the implications, data on the relatively low IQ of twins and triplets are cited. Extensions of the confluence model to other social processes are discussed. The confluence model is examined for its usefulness in explicating a general class of social-psychological problems: the emergence of individual differences in a social context.

681 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the differences between single-girl and single-boy families with regard to parental expectation and investment in children's education, children's own educational aspirations, and mathematics performance.
Abstract: Using data from the authors' 1998-99 survey of 1,040 eighth graders in Wuhan, China, this study explores the differences between single-girl and single-boy families with regard to parental expectation and investment in children's education, children's own educational aspirations, and mathematics performance. The authors found that contrary to the known intrafamily discrimination against girls common among families of pre-one-child generations and still common among contemporary rural families with more than one child, there are no gender differences related to education between single-girl and single-boy families in modern urban China. The authors found equally high educational aspirations and similar mathematical performance for male and female only children. They suggest that this gender equality in education is an unintended consequence of the one-child-per-family policy and that under China's current social and economic conditions, girls are better off living in one-child families in the big cities of...

277 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors conducted a meta-analysis of the research literature on the only child in order to evaluate the status of this child and to guide theory development in this area and found that only children are "found to surpass all others except firstborns and people from two-child families in achievement and intelligence.
Abstract: Six meta-analyses of the research literature on the only child were conducted in order to evaluate the status of the only child and to guide theory development in this area. The 117 studies included here generated enough information to justify six meta-analyses: Achievement Adjustment Character Intelligence Mental Illness and Sociability. Only children are "found to surpass all others except firstborns and people from two-child families in Achievement and Intelligence. They also surpassed people from three- or more child families in Adjustment and Character. A model of the one-child family [is] developed that integrates the explanatory mechanisms of parental attention parental anxiety and family economic resources and emphasizes the strength of the parent-child relationship in small families." (EXCERPT)

214 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Sociodemographics, parental attitudes, and children's illness profiles independently influence service use for psychopathology in school-aged children.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to identify factors associated with service use for child psychopathology in three settings: mental health, general health, and school. METHODS: Subjects were 2519 children, 6 to 11 years of age, assessed in two cross-sectional Connecticut surveys in the late 1980s. Three groups of variables (sociodemographics, child's illness profile, and parental attitudes) were examined through multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Most sociodemographics showed moderate associations with all settings, although some previously reported effects (e.g. birth order, sibship size) were not observed. Of the illness profile measures, only Child Behavior Checklist total scores predicted use in the final model (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 2.3). Health problems were associated with increased use in all settings (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3, 1.9), while academic problems were associated only with increased school service use (OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 3.9, 7.0). Parental ...

203 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231
20225
202117
202013
201912
201812