Showing papers on "Ontology (information science) published in 1970"

Using Ontologies for the Visualization of Hierarchical Neuroanatomical Structures

Abstract: We presented an approach to generate query-dependent visualizations of atlas data. Our method is based on the evaluation of semantic information from a specialized ontology. The determination of relevant context structures and visualization parameters takes di erent scales of biological data into account. This way we provide an intuitive and interaction reducing browsing tool for a structure’s hierarchy.

Context Aware Health Care Application

Abstract: Context-awareness is considered as an enabling technology and a rich area of application. This paper aims in monitoring and reporting critical health conditions of a patient who is suffering from brain tumor. We have built our ontology starting from knowledge gathering of data and reasoning to identify the health condition of the patient. So this has led to move towards to build an abstract framework for context-aware applications.

Experience and Being: Prolegomena to a Future Ontology

Abstract: In this age of modern era, the use of internet must be maximized. Yeah, internet will help us very much not only for important thing but also for daily activities. Many people now, from any level can use internet. The sources of internet connection can also be enjoyed in many places. As one of the benefits is to get the on-line experience and being prolegomena to a future ontology book, as the world window, as many people suggest.

NeuroLex.org - A semantic wiki for neuroinformatics based on the NIF Standard Ontology

Abstract: Bridging the domain knowledge of a scientific community and the knowledge engineering skills of the ontology community is still an imperfect practice. Within the field of neuroscience, we have tried to close this gap by presenting an ontology through the medium of a wiki where each page corresponds to a class. By opening it to the World Wide Web, we have made the process of maintaining a ~20,000 concept neuroscience ontology (NIFSTD), more collaborative.

Personhood in Bioethics

Abstract: The concept of personhood has been recently strongly criticized by some bioethicists. The present article aims at refuting these criticisms. In order to show how the notion of personhood operates in bioethics, two understandings of it proposed by an Italian bioethicist Maurizio Mori are sketched: a person as a part of the cosmological order and a person as an autonomous-like entity. It is argued that none of the proposed understandings is adequate. The cosmological concept perceives the person as a derivative of the empirical processes. The autonomous-like, in turn, conceives the person as a freely acting subject. This paper endeavours to prove that both conceptions are one-sided. In order to do that, the thought of German philosopher Robert Spaemann is deployed. He convincingly points out that the person must be considered from a so-called ‘modus existendi’ stance. It means that to be a person is to possess a unique way of being. That being encompasses the material content (body) not as a casual factor but as an indispensable mean of expressing itself. The final thesis is that the person’s being is man’s life. Drawing upon such a conclusion, it is taken up a critical discussion with the views rejecting the usefulness of the concept. I. Back to the Notion of the Person Contemporary discussions and debates taking place within bioethics seem to be utterly dominated by particular issues. It is due to the pressure coming from the rapidly progressing biomedical sciences. In order to keep pace with that, bioethics must deal with the constantly increasing number of problems and new aspects demanding to deliver ‘right-here-and-now’ outcomes. Therefore, one rightly gets an impression that this realm of human activity is so strongly involved in the quest for practical solutions that there FORUM PHILOSOPHICUM 12 (2007), pp. 157-175

Heraclitean Thinking For a Philosophy of Education in the 21st Century: Towards an Ontology of a New Mode of Change

Abstract: Heraclitus does not rivet Being, does not separate Being from Becoming. Being simultaneously changes and identifies with itself. The inherent multiplicity and variability of Being, namely the multiple facets of the self, this Being and Becoming, is the idiosyncratic nature of the world and us all, lasting time and energy, change and decay. Therefore, according to Heraclitus, the apparent conflicting states, tendencies, forces are connected in a coherent relationship of harmony. The simultaneous and eternal cosmic shift and identity is the cause of Being. Heraclitus regarded critically the spectacular changes and developments of his transitional era and his philosophy is not an arbitrary and subjective construction, but there exists one eternal universal relation, the Logos, which is the eternal and catholic relationship; it involves both the natural and the human microcosm. Today at a transitional era of constant shifts, at an age of erudition but not essential knowledge, Heraclitus is more contemporary than ever, as he insisted on the link between the constant shift with fixed parameters and the interlacing of “alterity”, “difference”, with “identity” and “unity”. This link with real-life parameters is considered more necessary than ever, since students immerse themselves into a virtual reality and a constant alternation of identities. This entails the fear that there does not exist a unifying principle or that they insist on conflicts without the presence of interactions that will create new balances.

Ontology in Astronomy

Abstract: In the domain of astronomy the object oriented paradigm of informatics needs to construct an ontology to be able to reason about concepts and to construct queries in a computerized knowledge system. The article presents approaches to ontology in philosophy, the natural sciences and informatics and shows their limits and reciprocity. I. Objects of Physical World Ontology is a fundatnental part of philosophy. Philosophers have, since the beginning of rational thought, tried to find the basic objects that constitute our world. From the process of constructing philosophical ontologies emerged new sciences, which had defined their objects, methods and languages. To these new sciences belongs modem physics which started with Galileo and Newton. For Galileo the world of physics was written by means of mathematics and Newton made use of this in an eminent way, introducing calculus into his mechanics. From then on, a new direction in science and a new type of scientific discovery began. The role of mathematics itself was undergoing a change in the new methodology of the empirical sciences. It was (and for some still is) used simply as a linguistic tool of „numbers" (arithmetic) or „lines" (geometry) that makes results of experiments more precise and objective and introduces some kind of order to the scientific „facts" expressed by means of „concepts". Some philosophers still regard as valid only objects so qualified. For them a phenomenological „notion" is fundamental and sufficient. But since the discovery of non-Euclidean geometries and the formalization of FORUM PHILOSOPHICUM 12 (2007), pp. 267-276

Scientific Realism, Ontology, and the Sensory Modes

Abstract: I wish to challenge the ontological prospects of scientific realism-a position which denies the existence of macro-physical objects and of persons-by attending to characteristic difficulties encountered in the analysis of the sensory modes. To this end, I pursue the account of sense impressions advanced by Wilfrid Sellars, who has offered what is perhaps the most comprehensive version of the realist thesis on the relevant issues. The argument begins at a seemingly distant point. Grant, with Sellars, that the language of sense impressions may be \"enriched by a reporting role\" and that sense impressions are initially introduced in a causal rather than an epistemic setting: so that