Showing papers on "Ontology (information science) published in 1984"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, a general categorical framework underlying a Christian worldview is provided, which includes world origin, world order, and ordered world, and the main components which make up this framework are world origin and world order.
Abstract: Co-published with the Institute for Christian Studies, this volume provides a general categorical framework underlying a Christian worldview. The main components which make up this framework are world origin, world order, and ordered world.
76 citations
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: The main purpose of as discussed by the authors is to argue that possibility can not always be used as a surrogate of ontology, and in particular that there is no hope of using possibility to solve the problem of quantities.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with the debate between substantival and relational theories of space-time, and discusses two difficulties that beset the relationalist: a difficulty posed by field theories, and another difficulty (discussed at greater length) called the problem of quantities. A main purpose of the paper is to argue that possibility can not always be used as a surrogate of ontology, and that in particular that there is no hope of using possibility to solve the problem of quantities.
71 citations
27 citations
15 citations
14 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1984
TL;DR: Ontology without axioms as discussed by the authors is a generalization of Le?niewski's Ontology without Axioms, which is based on the Calculus of Names.
Abstract: Ontology without Axioms.- Le?niewski's Analysis of Russell's Paradox.- Logic and Existence.- Le?niewski's Calculus of Names.- On Le?niewski's Ontology.- Ontology: Lesniewski's Logical Language.- On Le?niewski's Elementary Ontology.- Studies in Le?niewski's Mereology.- On the Definition of Mereological Class.- Consistency of Le?niewski's Mereology.- The Dependence of a Mereological Axiom.- Relation of Le?niewski's Mereology to Boolean Algebra.- Index of Names.
14 citations
11 citations
10 citations
TL;DR: This work states that an information system may be regarded as a set of logical axioms about the organization and its environment and to what extent are these axiOMs shared between the organizations and the environment.
Abstract: :Efficiency considerations aside, an information system may be regarded as a set of logical axioms about the organization and its environment. To what extent are these axioms shared between applications? Between organizations?Within an industry? A knowledge engineering approach to systems analysis is suggested whereby (prototype) systems are built by adding refinements to a set of background axioms representing knowledge about business, administrative functions, etc. New applications may thus build on the knowledge from previous applications, rather than starting from scratch. The emerging technology of logic programming provides a suitable implementation language for this approach. However, logic programming by itself is not enough; extendibility and probability of axioms require a consistent semantic basis across applications. Semantic issues are discussed, and a specific ontology is proposed.
TL;DR: New trends in ethnographic rhetoric and in the study of meanings point to major directions for growth in cross-cultural research as mentioned in this paper, making it more important than ever for comparativists to examine their methodologies for processing anecdote.
Abstract: New trends in ethnographic rhetoric and in the study ofmeaningspointto major directions for growth in cross-cultural research. The new rhetoric makes possible comparative research with ethnographies that are rich in information on topics of interest, the study of ethnographer-informant relationships, and the compilation ofintensive case analyses from a number offocused ethnographies. The new rhetoric often documents with anecdote, making it more important than ever for comparativists to examine their methodologies for processing anecdote. Developments in meaning-focused ethnographic research push for a reassessment ofthe generality of variables studied comparatively, for research on cross-cultural variations in mean ings, and for study of entities derived from non-Western views of the world. There is also need in cross-cultural research for movement away from the analysis of isolated variables.
TL;DR: In this paper, an account of theoreticity which captures the preanalytic conception of a theoretical function is given, which is precise and yet which expresses what is significant about theoretical functions.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to give an account of theoreticity which captures the preanalytic conception of a theoretical function, which is precise and yet which expresses what is significant about theoretical functions. The point of departure for this account is a recent discussion of the topic by Balzer and Moulines. On the basis of criticism of this discussion and on the basis of an examination of laboratory measurement, an account of theoreticity is proposed.
01 Jan 1984
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This paper argued that the ethical principle underlying C. B. Macpherson's attempted retrieval of liberal democracy embodies two ontologies, a liberal ontology of self-governance and a humanist ontology for developmental man.
Abstract: This article contends that the ethical principle underlying C. B. Macpherson's attempted retrieval of liberal democracy embodies two ontologies, a liberal ontology of self-governance and a humanist ontology of developmental man. The presence of the latter ontology is shown to reveal a fundamental weakness in Macpherson's thought: it justifies a type of political authority destructive of what he values in liberal democracies. The article concludes that, contrary to Macpherson's understanding, his radical effort to rescue liberal democracy from capitalism could dispense with the humanist ontology and be sustained on the basis of the liberal ontology alone.