Topic
Open innovation
About: Open innovation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8891 publications have been published within this topic receiving 238827 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the diffusion and characteristics of collaborative relationships between universities and industry are explored, and a research agenda informed by an open innovation perspective is developed. But the authors focus on the effects of university-industry links on innovation-specific variables, such as patents or firm innovativeness, and the dynamics of these relationships remain under-researched.
Abstract: Organisations increasingly rely on external sources of innovation via
interorganisational network relationships. This article explores the diffusion and
characteristics of collaborative relationships between universities and industry, and
develops a research agenda informed by an ‘open innovation’ perspective. A
framework is proposed, distinguishing university-industry relationships from other
mechanisms such as technology transfer or human mobility. On the basis of the
existing body of research, the role of practices such as collaborative research,
university-industry research centres, contract research and academic consulting is
analysed. The evidence suggests that such university-industry relationships are widely
practiced whereby differences exist across industries and scientific disciplines. While
most existing research focuses on the effects of university-industry links on
innovation-specific variables, such as patents or firm innovativeness, the
organisational dynamics of these relationships remain under-researched. A detailed
research agenda addresses research needs in two main areas: search and match
processes between universities and firms, and the organisation and management of
collaborative relationships.
1,272 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a four-phase model in which a linear process of obtaining, integrating, integrating and commercializing external innovations is combined with interaction between the firm and its collaborators.
1,211 citations
TL;DR: This overview indicates nine perspectives needed to develop an open innovation theory more fully and assesses some of the recent evidence that has come to light about open innovation, in theory and in practice.
Abstract: Institutional openness is becoming increasingly popular in practice and academia: open innovation, open R&D and open business models. Our special issue builds on the concepts, underlying assumptions and implications discussed in two previous R&D Management special issues (2006, 2009). This overview indicates nine perspectives needed to develop an open innovation theory more fully. It also assesses some of the recent evidence that has come to light about open innovation, in theory and in practice.
1,180 citations
TL;DR: The increasing adoption of more open approaches to innovation fits uneasily with current theories of business strategy Traditional business strategy has guided firms to develop defensible positions against the forces of competition and power in the value chain this paper.
Abstract: The increasing adoption of more open approaches to innovation fits uneasily with current theories of business strategy Traditional business strategy has guided firms to develop defensible positions against the forces of competition and power in the value chain, implying the importance of constructing barriers rather than promoting value creation through openness Recently, however, firms and even whole industries, such as the software industry, are experimenting with novel business models based on harnessing collective creativity through open innovation The apparent success of some of these experiments challenges prevailing views of strategy At the same time, many of these experimenters now are grappling with issues related to value capture and sustainability of their business models, as well as issues of corporate influence and the potential co-option of open initiatives These issues bring us back to traditional business strategy, which can offer important insights To make strategic sense of innovation communities, ecosystems, networks, and their implications for competitive advantage, a new approach to strategy—open strategy—is needed Open strategy balances the tenets of traditional business strategy with the promise of open innovation
1,144 citations
TL;DR: Female solvers---known to be in the “outer circle” of the scientific establishment---performed significantly better than men in developing successful solutions, and the value of openness is demonstrated in removing barriers to entry to nonobvious individuals.
Abstract: We examine who the winners are in science problem-solving contests characterized by open broadcast of problem information, self-selection of external solvers to discrete problems from the laboratories of large research and development intensive companies, and blind review of solution submissions. Analyzing a unique data set of 166 science challenges involving over 12,000 scientists revealed that technical and social marginality, being a source of different perspectives and heuristics, plays an important role in explaining individual success in problem solving. The provision of a winning solution was positively related to increasing distance between the solver's field of technical expertise and the focal field of the problem. Female solvers---known to be in the “outer circle” of the scientific establishment---performed significantly better than men in developing successful solutions. Our findings contribute to the emerging literature on open and distributed innovation by demonstrating the value of openness, at least narrowly defined by disclosing problems, in removing barriers to entry to nonobvious individuals. We also contribute to the knowledge-based theory of the firm by showing the effectiveness of a market mechanism to draw out knowledge from diverse external sources to solve internal problems.
1,099 citations