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Opitutus terrae

About: Opitutus terrae is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11 publications have been published within this topic receiving 436 citations.

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TL;DR: Three strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated from rice paddy soil microcosms and showed that these novel isolates have identical gene sequences and are members of the division 'Verrucomicrobia', which is phenotypically and phylogenetically distinct from species described previously.
Abstract: Three strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated from rice paddy soil microcosms. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA genes showed that these novel isolates have identical gene sequences and are members of the division 'Verrucomicrobia'. The novel strains are phenotypically and phylogenetically distinct from species described previously. One strain, PB90-1T, was characterized in more detail. The cells are cocci and are motile by means of a flagellum. Catalase and oxidase activities are absent. Growth-supporting substrates include mono-, di- and polysaccharides, while alcohols, amino acids and organic acids do not support growth. Propionate and acetate are the major end-products of fermentation. Nitrate is reduced to nitrite, but other external electron acceptors are not utilized. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 74 mol%. This strain represents a taxon that has not yet been formally recognized, for which the name Opitutus terrae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PB90-1T (= DSM 11246T).

175 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that the new marine isolate was isolated from the digestive tract of a marine clamworm, Periserrula leucophryna, be placed into a novel genus and species named Puniceicoccus vermicola gen. nov in the class Opitutae.
Abstract: A Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic coccus, designated IMCC1545(T), was isolated from the digestive tract of a marine clamworm, Periserrula leucophryna, inhabiting a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea. Cells of strain IMCC1545(T) are non-motile, dividing by binary fission. The predominant fatty acids are anteiso-C(15 : 0) and C(18 : 0). The respiratory quinone is menaquinone-7 and the DNA G+C content is 52.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences using three treeing algorithms revealed that the strain formed a novel genus-level lineage within the phylum 'Verrucomicrobia'. The most closely related named organisms to strain IMCC1545(T) are 'Fucophilus fucoidanolyticus' SI-1234 (86.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Alterococcus agarolyticus ADT3(T) (81.8 %) and Opitutus terrae PB90-1(T) (80.3 %), which belong to subdivision 4 of the 'Verrucomicrobia'. Subdivision 4 of the 'Verrucomicrobia' (here named Opitutae classis nov.) was divided into two clades, a clade containing strain IMCC1545(T) and a clade containing Opitutus terrae. From the taxonomic data obtained in this study, it is proposed that the new marine isolate be placed into a novel genus and species named Puniceicoccus vermicola gen. nov., sp. nov. (the type strain of Puniceicoccus vermicola is IMCC1545(T)=KCCM 42343(T)=NBRC 101964(T)) within Puniceicoccaceae fam. nov and Puniceicoccales ord. nov in the class Opitutae. The family Opitutaceae fam. nov. and order Opitutales ord. nov. are also formally proposed.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mixed cultures of Opitutus terrae strain PB90-1, a representative propionate-producing bacterium from rice paddy soil, and the hydrogenotrophic Methanospirillum hungatei strain SK maintained hydrogen partial pressures similar to those in the soil, helping to reconcile the disparity between microbiological and biogeochemical studies.
Abstract: Propionate-forming bacteria seem to be abundant in anoxic rice paddy soil, but biogeochemical investigations show that propionate is not a correspondingly important intermediate in carbon flux in this system. Mixed cultures of Opitutus terrae strain PB90-1, a representative propionate-producing bacterium from rice paddy soil, and the hydrogenotrophic Methanospirillum hungatei strain SK maintained hydrogen partial pressures similar to those in the soil. The associated shift away from propionate formation observed in these cultures helps to reconcile the disparity between microbiological and biogeochemical studies.

65 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results challenge the concept of peptidoglycan-less free-living bacteria and place the novel strains in a new genus within the family Opitutaceae, for which the name Lacunisphaera gen. nov. is proposed.
Abstract: The cell wall of free-living bacteria consists of peptidoglycan (PG) and is critical for maintenance of shape as dissolved solutes cause osmotic pressure and challenge cell integrity. Surprisingly, the subdivision 4 of the phylum Verrucomicrobia appears to be exceptional in this respect. Organisms of this subdivision are described to be devoid of muramic or diaminopimelic acid, usually found as components of PG in bacterial cell walls. Here we describe three novel bacterial strains from a freshwater lake, IG15T, IG16bT and IG31T, belonging to a new genus in the subdivision 4 of Verrucomicrobia which we found to possess PG as part of their cell walls. Biochemical analysis revealed the presence of diaminopimelic acid not only in these novel strains, but also in Opitutus terrae PB90-1T, the closest described relative of strains IG15T, IG16bT and IG31T. Furthermore, we found that nearly all genes necessary for peptidoglycan synthesis are present in genomes of subdivision 4 members, as well as in the complete genome sequence of strain IG16bT. In addition, we isolated and visualized PG-sacculi for strain IG16bT. Thus, our results challenge the concept of peptidoglycan-less free-living bacteria. Our polyphasic taxonomy approach places the novel strains in a new genus within the family Opitutaceae, for which the name Lacunisphaera gen. nov. is proposed. Strain designations for IG15T, IG16bT and IG31T are Lacunisphaera parvula sp. nov.(=DSM 26814 = LMG 29468), Lacunisphaera limnophila sp. nov. (=DSM 26815 = LMG 29469) and Lacunisphaera anatis sp. nov. (=DSM 103142 = LMG 29578) respectively, with Lacunisphaera limnophila IG16bT being the type species of the genus.

55 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The genome of Opitutus terrae PB90-1, a fermentative anaerobe within this phylum, isolated from rice paddy soil and capable of propionate production from plant-derived polysaccharides is sequenced.
Abstract: Bacteria of the deeply branching phylum Verrucomicrobia are rarely cultured yet commonly detected in metagenomic libraries from aquatic, terrestrial, and intestinal environments. We have sequenced the genome of Opitutus terrae PB90-1, a fermentative anaerobe within this phylum, isolated from rice paddy soil and capable of propionate production from plant-derived polysaccharides.

46 citations

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20191
20181
20172
20161
20121
20111