scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers on "Optical fiber published in 1969"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, light transmission through a curved dielectric rod of rectangular cross section embedded in different dielectrics is analyzed in closed-form, though approximate form, in three ranges: (i) small cross section guides such as a thin glass ribbon surrounded by air; making its width 1 percent of the wavelength, most of the power travels outside of the glass; the attenuation coefficient of the guide is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of glass; and the radius of curvature that doubles the straight guide loss is around 10,000Λ.
Abstract: Light transmission through a curved dielectric rod of rectangular cross section embedded in different dielectrics is analyzed in closed, though approximate form. We distinguish three ranges: (i) Small cross section guides such as a thin glass ribbon surrounded by air—Making its width 1 percent of the wavelength, most of the power travels outside of the glass; the attenuation coefficient of the guide is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of glass, and the radius of curvature that doubles the straight guide loss is around 10,000Λ. (ii) Medium cross section guide for integration optics—It is only a few microns on the side and capable of guiding a single mode either in low loss bends with short radii of curvature or in a high Q closed loop useful for filters. Q's of the order of 108 are theoretically achievable in loops with radii ranging from 0.04 to 1 mm, if the percentage refractive index difference between guide and surrounding dielectric lies between 0.1 and 0.01. (iii) Large cross section guides—They are multimode and are used in fiber optics. Conversion to higher order modes are found more significant than radiation loss resulting from curvature.

699 citations


Patent
28 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a laser eraser and microwelder capable of operating with a pulsed or continuous-wave laser radiation is described, which can be used either on a desk top or on a typewritter by attaching the power supply unit to the side of the typewriter housing.
Abstract: A laser eraser and microwelder capable of operating with a pulsed or continuous-wave laser radiation is described. The device comprises a laser generator, a miniaturized electric power supply unit and a laser working head connected to the power supply unit through a flexible lasing fiber optics accompanied by an electric cable. The lasing fiber optics is optically coupled to said laser generator for generating and transmitting a laser radiation to the laser working head, and the cable conducts the laser triggering current to the laser generator through a triggering switch located in the laser working head. As an eraser, the device utilizes a defocused laser beam to erase an error character by vaporizing it from written matter and can be used either on a desk top or on a typewritter by attaching the power supply unit to the side of the typewriter housing. As a microwelder, the device utilizes a focused laser beam to weld miniaturized parts, components, and circuit leads. Radiation safety is achieved by providing a safety means in the laser working head which must be placed on the workpiece and manipulated before the triggering switch can be actuated to energize said laser generator.

124 citations


Patent
30 Oct 1969
TL;DR: A fiber optics illumination system provided with a light source whose output is distributed among a plurality of flexible light pipes, the light transmitted by the pipes being applied to light tips or other instruments is described in this article.
Abstract: A fiber optics illumination system provided with a light source whose output is distributed among a plurality of flexible light pipes, the light transmitted by the pipes being applied to light tips or other instruments. The source includes a tungsten-halogen lamp submerged in water to effect filtration of infrared radiation, whereby cold light is supplied to the pipes, each pipe being constituted by a core of resinous material of large diameter contained within a cladding tube and separated therefrom by an air or other film having a relatively low-refractive index compared to that of the core.

113 citations


Patent
21 Aug 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, an optical device for transmitting an image wherein a number of optical fibers are disposed in such a manner that they are arranged neatly in the same relative position among them, at least, both ends thereof, each of said fibers having such a refractive index distribution as to substantially satisfy the equation n = N (1 - ar2) in a cross section triangle, where n is a center, r is a distance r from the center, and a is a positive constant, whereby light due to an object placed at one end of the optical fibers forms an image of
Abstract: Optical device for transmitting an image wherein a number of optical fibers are disposed in such a manner that they are arranged neatly in the same relative position among them, at least, both ends thereof, each of said fibers having such a refractive index distribution as to substantially satisfy the equation n = N (1 - ar2) IN A CROSS SECTION THEREOF, WHERE N is a refractive index at a center, n is a refractive index at a distance r from the center, and a is a positive constant, whereby light due to an object placed at one end of said fibers forms an image of the object at the other end thereof.

75 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the theory of mode conversion and radiation losses of the lowest order circular electric mode in a dielectric rod (fiber) waveguide and its confirmation by a microwave experiment.
Abstract: This paper presents the theory of mode conversion and radiation losses of the lowest order circular electric mode in a dielectric rod (fiber) waveguide and its confirmation by a microwave experiment. The theoretical results were obtained from a theory whose detailed development has been presented in an earlier paper. The microwave experiment was carried out at approximately 50 GHz. The optical fiber with imperfect walls was simulated by a teflon rod of 1 cm diameter and 1 m length with a periodically corrugated wall. Mode conversion was observed in excellent agreement with theory. The observed radiation losses are somewhat less than the prediction of the perturbation theory, but the agreement is quite good. The direction and width of the far-field radiation pattern was observed in agreement with theory.

74 citations


Patent
02 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a hand dental mirror is mounted on a head-like substrate with a reflecting surface thereon and a handle means secured to the substrate and connected to the second fiber optics cable.
Abstract: Dental apparatus having a case with a lamp mounted in the case and producing a focused source of light at a predetermined focal point. A socket assembly is mounted in the case in the vicinity of the lamp. The socket assembly has at least first and second openings therein with the first opening being substantially larger than the second opening. A first large fiber optics cable is provided and has one end mounted in the first opening in the socket assembly so that it faces the focused source of light. The other end of the large fiber optics cable is adapted to be positioned to provide general illumination of a predetermined area. A second small fiber optics cable is provided and has one end mounted in the second opening in the socket assembly and also facing the focused source of light. A tool is mounted on the other end of the second cable so that the second cable provides a beam of light to provide localized illumination for use of the tool. The tool can be in the form of a hand dental mirror having a headlike substrate with a reflecting surface thereon and handle means secured to the substrate and connected to the second fiber optics cable. The hand dental mirror includes means for causing substantially all the light passing from the fiber optics cable connected to the handle means to pass from the substrate in a direction generally perpendicular to the reflecting surface and from a generally localized area with respect to the substrate.

63 citations


Patent
05 Nov 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a method for automatically trimming film resistors in production quantities is described, which includes the steps of placing a substrate with a film resistance to be trimmed on a support beneath a grid mask of desired pattern, extending fiber optics from the grid mask to a fiber optic receiving support, and moving the receiving support relative to the beam in a controlled manner.
Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatically trimming film resistors in production quantities. The method includes the steps of placing a substrate with a film resistance to be trimmed on a support beneath a grid mask of desired pattern; extending fiber optics from the grid mask to a fiber optic receiving support; directing a laser beam towards the receiving support; and moving the receiving support relative to the beam in a controlled manner. Apparatus may include a support table for supporting a substrate carrying a film to be trimmed in position to be in contact with a set of electrical probes connected with a sensor circuit for monitoring the actual resistance value of the film. Positioned above the film and substrate is a fixed aperture mask carrying the geometric requirements of the circuit with openings at required precision adjustment points. A fiber optic pipe joins each opening so as to focus light conducted by the fiber optic in the thin film plane of the resistor matrix. The fiber optic light pipes terminate in a common plane to receive a laser beam. The receiving end of the fiber optic light pipes and the laser beam are movable relative to one another so that the beam may be directed to select pipes. The relative movement is controlled dependent upon the desired pattern and actual monitored resistance value.

61 citations


Patent
19 Aug 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-order mode of propagation is used to control the polarity and phase of the coherent light as it is transmitted through the optical fiber, which is useful in processing information comprising an optical fiber for transmitting coherent light.
Abstract: A device useful in processing information comprising an optical fiber for transmitting coherent light in a low-order mode of propagation, means for controlling characteristics, including polarity and phase, of the coherent light as it is transmitting through the fiber.

54 citations


Patent
24 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this article, light is modulated in an optic fiber by applying compression across diameters of the fiber angularly displaced from one another and axially displaced from each another along the fiber.
Abstract: Light is modulated in an optic fiber by applying compression across diameters of the fiber angularly displaced from one another and axially displaced from one another along the fiber. Independent phase modulation is achieved by varying the compression applied across the diameters equally and with the same direction. Independent amplitude modulation is achieved by varying the compression applied across the diameters equally and with opposite polarity directions.

53 citations


Patent
14 Jul 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a line of rectangular fiber bundles at the display end display selected characters depending on which fibers are illuminated in each bundle, and the light source ends of fibers from different bundles are connected to common light sources so that the same characters are displayed simultaneously on many bundles in the line.
Abstract: A computer output display with a plurality of light sources shining through optical fibers. A line of rectangular fiber bundles at the display end display selected characters depending on which fibers are illuminated in each bundle, and the light source ends of fibers from different bundles are connected to common light sources so that the same characters are displayed simultaneously on many bundles in the line. Scanning means for the line limits the operative area of the line at any instant to a set of fiber bundles which can all display different characters. The fibers are woven from a continuous strand while the fiber portions which end up as the light displaying and light receiving ends of individual fibers are properly supported in a line and collected into bundles respectively.

43 citations


Patent
John H Connelly1
01 May 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the present invention relates to glass compositions which are eminently suitable for use as core glasses in fiber optic elements, and the instant invention is concerned with essentially thoria-free glasses in the La2O3-B2O-3-Ta2O5Nb2O 5 composition field exhibiting an index of refraction (nD) higher than about 1.80 and a coefficient of thermal expansion (0*-300* C.) of between about 60-70 X 10 7/*C.
Abstract: The present invention relates to glass compositions which are eminently suitable for use as core glasses in fiber optic elements. More specifically, the instant invention is concerned with essentially thoria-free glasses in the La2O3-B2O3-Ta2O5Nb2O5 composition field exhibiting an index of refraction (nD) higher than about 1.80 and a coefficient of thermal expansion (0*-300* C.) of between about 60-70 X 10 7/*C.

Journal ArticleDOI
Teiji Uchida1, Motoaki Furukawa, I. Kitano, K. Koizumi, H. Matsumura 

Patent
07 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a FIBER OPTIC TERMINATION SUITABLE for HIGHER TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS is designed using a CERAMIC-BOUND BONDING AGENT.
Abstract: A FIBER OPTIC TERMINATION SUITABLE FOR HIGHER TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS IS FORMED USING A CERAMIC-BASED BONDING AGENT; THE FIBER BUNDLE IS INSERTED THROUGH THE TERMINATION END PLUG AND THE BONDING AGENT APPLIED TO THE TIPS OF THE FIBERS; THE FIBER BUNDLE IS THEN PULLED BACK THROUGH THE PLUG WITHDRAWING THE FIBER TIPS INTO THE PLUG UNTIL THE TIPS ARE FLUSH WITH THE PLUG TERMINATION END; THE TERMINATION IS COMPLETED BY BINDING THE FIBER OPTIC BUNDLE IN THE PORTION EMERGING FROM THE OTHER END OF THE PLUG WITH AN ELASTIC MATERIAL THEREBY ISOLATING THE BRITTLE CERAMICALLY BONDED REGION OF THE FIBER BUNDLE FROM THE FLEXING PORTION OF THE BUNDLE.

Patent
16 Apr 1969
TL;DR: A LASER VELOCIMETER COMPRISING a LASer for TRANSMITTING A LIGHT BEAM to a FLOWING FLUID, WHICH SCATTERS A PORTION OF the LIGHTBEAM, is described in this article.
Abstract: A LASER VELOCIMETER COMPRISING A LASER FOR TRANSMITTING A LIGHT BEAM TO A FLOWING FLUID, WHICH SCATTERS A PORTION OF THE LIGHT BEAM, AN OPTICAL SYSTEM INCLUDING OPTICAL FIBERS BUNDLE FOR DIRECTING PORTIONS OF THE SCATTERED AND/OR UNSCATTERED LIGHT BEAM, AND A PHOTODECTECTOR FOR RECEIVING THE FIBERS BUNDLE OUTPUT IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE FLOW VELOCITY OF THE FLUID.

Patent
07 Jul 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a fiber optics element comprising a first fiber plate formed of a plurality of optical fibers through which the incoming light is conducted to a subject copy, a second fiber plate consisting of like optical fibers via which the light reflected by said subject copy is conducted in a direction different from that of said incoming light and a reflector means for reflecting said light conducted by said second fibre plate to provide a light output modulated by the subject copy.
Abstract: A fiber optics element for picking up light reflected by a subject copy which is disposed closely adjacent to the one face thereof, said fiber optics element comprising a first fiber plate formed of a plurality of optical fibers through which the incoming light is conducted to said subject copy, a second fiber plate formed of like optical fibers through which the light reflected by said subject copy is conducted in a direction different from that of said incoming light and a reflector means for reflecting said light conducted by said second fiber plate to provide a light output modulated by said subject copy.

Patent
P Collings1
03 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this article, an ELECTRON IMAGING DEVICE in which RADIATION is directed through a FIBER OPTIC INPUT WINDOW ONTO a photo-electric surface is described.
Abstract: AN ELECTRON IMAGING DEVICE IN WHICH RADIATION IS DIRECTED THROUGH A FIBER OPTIC INPUT WINDOW ONTO A PHOTOELECTRIC SURFACE. THE FIBER OPTIC WINDOW INCLUDES A PLURALITY OF FIBER OPTIC MEMBER IN WHICH EACH OF THE FIBER OPTICS IS PROVIDED WITH A NON-PLANAR INNER SURFACE ON WHICH THE PHOTOELECTRIC LAYER IS DEPOSITED. IN THIS MANNER, A GREATER PHOTOELECTRIC RESPONSE IS OBTAINED TO A GIVEN INSERT OVER A PLANAR SURFACE.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A miniaturized transducer for intravascular measurements of pressure variations has been developed that consists of a sensor in the form of a pneumatic chamber coupled by light fiber optics to a gallium arsenide diode light source and a silicon diode detector or a phototransistor.
Abstract: A miniaturized transducer for intravascular measurements of pressure variations has been developed. The probe has an outer diameter of 1·0–1·5 mm. Its frequency response is 0 to more than 200 Hz.* It consists of a sensor in the form of a pneumatic chamber with a mirror wall coupled by light fiber optics to a gallium arsenide diode light source and a silicon diode detector or a phototransistor. Experimental tests on dogs and humans have been made.

Patent
22 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this article, a laser produced monochromatic light beam fed to the measuring head over an optical fiber bundle passes through a polarizing filter onto the divider plane of the Koesters prism where it is split into two partial beams.
Abstract: An arrangement for measuring a time-variable magnetic field in order to measure, for example, the current flowing in a highvoltage line, utilizes a measuring head subjected to a magnetic field proportional to the line current which encloses a magnetooptical element in the form of a Faraday cell that functions in conjunction with an optical divider in the form of a Koesters prism to form a two-beam interferometer. A laser produced monochromatic light beam fed to the measuring head over an optical fiber bundle passes through a polarizing filter onto the divider plane of the Koesters prism where it is split into two partial beams. One beam passes through a first quarter-wave plate in which it is circularly polarized in a dextrorotary sense, thence through the Faraday cell where it undergoes multiple reflection in the magnetic field and thence through a second quarter-wave plate back to the divider plane of the Koesters prism. The other beam passes through the same path but in the opposite direction, passing first through the second quarter-wave plate where it is polarized in a levorotary sense, and ultimately arriving back at the divider plane. The two returning beams combine in the divider plane of the Koesters prism to form an outgoing beam consisting of two 90* phase-displaced components modulated in intensity as a function of the variation in the magnetic field. The two phase-shifted beam components are passed respectively through optical fiber bundles to a processing circuit where they are converted into correspondingly modulated electrical signal components which are then demodulated to a final output electrical signal constituting a measure of the current in the high-voltage line.

Patent
22 Aug 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, an optical image transmitting apparatus adapted for a viewfinder for observation of any object, where two systems of transparent structures are provided, whose refractive index distribution in each cross section perpendicular to the center axis is reduced nearly in proportion to a square of a distance from the centre axis, is described.
Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical image transmitting apparatus adapted for a viewfinder for observation of any object, wherein two systems of transparent structures are provided whose refractive index distribution in each cross section perpendicular to the center axis is reduced nearly in proportion to a square of a distance from the center axis, said transparent structures consisting of rod-like or fibrous substance and being disposed so as to view any article stereoscopically; a viewfinder for medical observation wherein said transparent structures cable of transmitting an optical image therethrough and an optical fiber boundle for transmitting an illumination light to illuminate the article to be the observed are provided in a cavity portion of the inside of a hollow needle such as a hypodermic syringe; a microscope wherein said fibrous transparent structures are used as the object lens; and the like.

Patent
Roger J Araujo1
24 Feb 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a core glass for photochromic optical fibers with refractive indices higher than about 1.52 and preferably higher than 1.58, which is suitable for optical fiber production.
Abstract: This invention relates to photochromic glass compositions containing about 10-50 percent by weight Ta2O5 which have refractive indices higher than about 1.52, and, preferably, higher than about 1.58, thereby rendering them especially suitable as a core glass in the production of photochromic optical fibers.

Patent
24 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for unifying or mixed-scrambling of BRANCHED FIBER OPTICS is described, where the FIBERS are placed in parallel on a drum.
Abstract: A METHOD FOR UNIFORM OR MIXED SCRAMBLING OF BRANCHED FIBER OPTICS, WINDS AN INITAL OF FIBER ON A DRUM OF A FIBER DRAWING MCHINE WHICH HAS SPACED, DOUBLE-FACED TAPE PLACED ON THE DRUM PARALLEL TO THE AXIS OF THE DRUM, AND THE FIBERS STRANDS ARE PLACED APPROXIMATELY TWO DIAMETERS APART. A SECOND LAYER OF TAPE IS PLACED OVER THE FIBERS AND ON THE FIRST LAYER OF TAPE, AND A SECOND LAYER OF FIBER IS WOUND AROUND THE DRUM IN THE SPACE BETWEEN THE FIBERS OF THE FIRST LAYER. A FINAL LAYER OF TAPE IS PLACED OVER THE SECOND LAYER OF TAPE ABOVE THE OTHER LAYERS OF TAPE. THE FIBERS INTERMEDIATE THE TAPE STRIPS ARE SECURED TOGETHER BY LACQUER OR CEMENT, AND THE FIBERS ARE THEN CUT IN THE LACQUERED SETION. A CUT IS MADE CENTERWISE OF THE TAPE STRIPS ALONG A LINE PARALLEL TO THE AXIS OF DRUM FROMING A STRIP OF FIBERS WITH ONE LACQUERED END AND A DIVIDED TAPED END. THE LACQUERED END IS THEN ROLLED INTO THE DESIRED CROSS-SECTIONAL CONFIGURATION, AND THE SEPARATED LAYERS IN THE TAPE SECTION ARE THEN ROLLED INTO THE DESIRED CONFIGURATION FORMING AN OPTICAL FIBER WITH A COMMON END AND A BRANCHED END.

Patent
28 Mar 1969
TL;DR: A light transmitting assembly utilizing fiber optic elements to pass light from a source to a sensing station is described in this article, where a mounting block or body for the fiber optic element, having a single input channel adjacent the light source and plural output channels located adjacent the sensing station, is presented.
Abstract: A light transmitting assembly utilizing fiber optic elements to pass light from a source to a sensing station. The assembly includes a mounting block or body for the fiber optic elements, having a single input channel adjacent the light source and plural output channels located adjacent the sensing station. The fiber optic elements are arranged in layers in the input channel, and each layer is randomly arranged in a separate output channel. Shadows cast on the input end of the fiber optic elements are diffused or averaged out over the layers, and a substantially equal amount of light emanates from each output channel.

Patent
10 Jun 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method for designing an OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLE by wwinging at least one OBE onto a drum while it is rotated in one direction so that a LAYER of the HELICALLY CLOSELY wound Windings of the OBE is formed on the drum.
Abstract: METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLE BY WINGING AT LEAST ONE OPTICAL FIBER ELEMENT ONTO A DRUM WHILE IT IS ROTATED IN ONE DIRECTION SO THAT A LAYER OF THE HELICALLY CLOSELY WOUND WINDINGS OF THE OPTICAL FIBER ELEMENT IS FORMED ON THE DRUM. THE OPTICAL FIBER ELEMENT IS FOLDED BACK UPON ITSELF AT THE END OF THE THUS FORMED LAYER OF THE OPITICAL FIBER ELEMENT WHILE THE ROTATION OF THE DRUM IS REVERSED SO THAT A SUCCEEDING LAYER OF THE OPTICAL FIBER ELEMENT IS FORMED ON THE PRECEDING LAYER. THE SENSE OF THE HELICAL ANGLE OF THE WINDINGS IN EACH OF THE LAYERS IN THUS KEPT THE SAME. THE UNIT OPITICAL FIBER BUNDLES EACH HAVING THE CROSSSECTION IN THE FORM OF A TRAPEZOID OR A REGULAR TRIANGLE, THE TRAPEZOID HAVING A BOTTOM SIDE THE LENGTH OF WHICH IS TWO TIMES AS LONG AS THAT OF THE REMAINING THREE SIDEDS OF THE SAME LENGTH AND OPPOSITE TWO SIDE SYMMETRICALLY INCLINED WITH RESPECT TO THE CENTER LINE OF THE CROSS-SECTION WITH THE INCLUDED ANGLE OF 60* FORMED THEREBETWEEN. THE UNIT OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLES ARE BONDED WITH EACH OTHER AT THE RESPECTIVE ENDS THEREOF SO AS TO FORM A COMPOSITE OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLE HAVING A LARGE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA. EACH OF THE UNIT OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLES COMPRISES A PLURALITY OF OPTICAL FIBER ELEMENTS BONDED WITH EACH OTHER THROUGH THE LENGTH THEREOF SO THAT THE CROSS-SECTION OF THE SAME IS MADE IN THE FORM OF A TRIANGLE. THE UNIT OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLES ARE BONDED WITH EACH OTHER AT THE RESPECTIVE ENDS THEREOF SO THAT A COMPOSITE OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLE HAVING A LARGE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA IS FORMED.

Patent
03 Nov 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a method for manufacturing flexible flexible OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLE, in which the LAYERS of FIBERS are forMED by WINDING the FIBers on a SLANTED SURFACE forMED on a WINDing drum.
Abstract: METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING FLEXIBLE OPTICAL FIBER BUNDLE FOR TRANSMITTING IMAGES IN WHICH THE LAYERS OF FIBERS ARE FORMED BY WINDING THE FIBERS ON A SLANTED SURFACE FORMED ON A WINDING DRUM.

Patent
Gerard Serret1
08 Oct 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a method and apparatus for detecting defects optically by subjecting objects to a beam of light transmitted by glass fibers and receiving and analyzing the beam as reflected by the objects is presented.
Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting defects optically by subjecting objects to a beam of light transmitted by glass fibers and receiving and analyzing the beam as reflected by the objects. The invention may advantageously be applied to the examination of transparent objects such as glass bottles. In accordance with the invention the beam of incident light is modulated with a known frequency before it impinges on the objects, the reflected beam being received upon a photoelectric cell the output of which is connected to an amplifier of the band pass type sensitive to the frequency of modulation of the light. The invention eliminates the necessity for complete housing of the transmitter-receiver, and facilitates the distinguishing of meaningful signals from ''''noise'''' from extraneous sources, not withstanding the use of optical fibers.

Patent
17 Apr 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a line-sequential television camera with a cluster of optical fibers is described, where the input faces of the optical fibers lie along a line limited by the intersection of the focal plane and the scanning plane of a laser beam.
Abstract: A line-sequential television camera device is disclosed which has a detector such as a photomultiplier or similar device linked to an optical reception device by a cluster of optical fibers. The input faces of the optical fibers lie along part of a line limited by the intersection of the focal plane and the scanning plane of a laser beam. The output surfaces of the optical fibers are assembled at the front of the detector.


Patent
11 Sep 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a FACSIMILE SCANNER, where an endless BELT is driven by wheels on two straight lines, one of which passes parallel to an original document, or an IMAGE THEREOF, FED at right angles to the path of the BELT.
Abstract: IN A FACSIMILE SCANNER AN ENDLESS BELT IS DRIVEN BY WHEELS ON TWO STRAIGHT PATHS ONE OF WHICH PASSES PARALLEL TO AN ORIGINAL DOCUMENT, OR AN IMAGE THEREOF, FED AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE PATH OF THE BELT. A HOLLOW SHAFT IS COUPLED TO THE BELT TO ROTATE AT THE SAME R.P.M. ONE END OF A FLEXIBLE OPTICAL PICKUP FIBER IS HELD ON THE BELT VIEWING THE DOCUMENT. THE OTHER FIBER IS CARRIED AXIALLY IN THE HOLLOW SHAFT AND DIRECTED AT A PHOTOTUBE. AS MOVEMENT OF THE BELT CAUSES THE FIRST FIBER END TO SCAN THE DOCUMENT ALONG ONE STRAIGHT LINE PATH, THE FIBER INTERMEDIATE ITS ENDS FLEXES AS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE TWO ENDS OF THE FIBER VARIES. ADDITIONAL FIBERS ADJACENT THE PICKUP FIBER CONDUCT LIGHT TO THE DOCUMENT FROM A LAMP ROTATING WITH THE HOLLOW SHAFT, ILLUMINATING THE AREA OF THE DOCUMENT TO BE SCANNED BY THE PICKUP FIBER. BY COLOR FILTERING TWO OR MORE ADJACENT PICKUP FIBERS A COLOR DOCUMENT IS SCANNED AND ELECTRICAL COLOR SIGNALS GENERATED SEQUENTIALLY BY ONE PHOTOTUBE OR SIMULTANEOUSLY BY SEVERAL PHOTOTUBES. ALTERNATIVELY SEVERAL FIBERS SCAN A TRANSVERSE ZONE OF THE DOCUMENT SIMULTANEOUSLY INTERSECTING CHARACTERS THEREON AND ENERGIZING A PLURALITY OF PHOTOCELLS FOR ELECTRICAL RECOGNITION OF SUCCESSIVE CHARACTERS. LIGHT FROM A LAMP MODULATED BY A FACISIMILE SIGNAL SOURCE MAY BE CARRIED BY FIBERS INTO PHOTOSENSITIVE PAPER SCANNED BY THE MOVING ENDS OF THE FIBERS TO RECORD THE FACISIMILE SIGNALS ON THE PAPER.

Patent
19 Aug 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for SIMULTANEOUSLY printing a large number of REDUCED images of a pattern on a photo-ensitative medium is described.
Abstract: A METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRINTING A PLURALITY OF REDUCED IMAGES OF A PATTERN ON A PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIAL, WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF INTERPOSING AN OPTICAL FIBER PLATE BETWEEN SAID PATTERN AND PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIAL, SAID OPTICAL FIBER PLATE BEING FORMED OF A BUNDLE OF A PLURALITY OF OPTICAL FIBERS EACH HAVING SUCH AS REFRACTIVE INDEX DISTRIBUTION IN A CROSS SECTION THEREOF AS TO SUBSTANTIALLY SATISFY THE RELATION N=N0(1-AR2) WHERE N0 REPRESENTS THE REFRACTIVE INDEX AT THE CENTER THEREOF, N REPRESENTS THE REFRACTIVE INDEX AT A RADIAL POINT AT A DISTANCE R FROM SAID CENTER POINT, AND A IS A POSITIVE CONSTANT; AND CAUSING THE TRANSMISSION A REDUCED IMAGE OF SAID PATTERN THROUGH EACH OF SAID OPTICAL FIBERS FORMING SAID OPTICAL FIBER PLATE, THEREBY AND PRODUCING THE REDUCED IMAGES ON SAID PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIAL. USE OF THE METHOD IN THE PRODUCTION OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS IS DISCLOSED.

Patent
15 May 1969
TL;DR: In this paper, a monofilament optical fiber ribbons are formed by winding fiber convolutions one over another throughout a short section of the length of each ribbon, bringing the convolutions into accurately superimposed parallel relationship in said section of ribbon and cementing across the section to hold same intact for assembling and caving together corresponding sections of a number of ribbons as a fiberscope body.
Abstract: Monofilament optical fiber ribbons are formed by winding fiber convolutions one over another throughout a short section of the length of each ribbon, bringing the convolutions into accurately superimposed parallel relationship in said section of the ribbon and cementing across the section to hold same intact for assembling and cementing together corresponding sections of a number of the ribbons as a fiberscope body.