Showing papers on "Optical fiber published in 1970"

Optical characteristics of a light-focusing fiber guide and its applications

Abstract: A lenslike glass fiber guide with a parabolic variation of refractive index has been developed. This optical guide named SELFOC® has the following characteristics: simultaneous transmission of laser beams modulated by wide-band signals through narrow space; optical image transmission; realization of a lens with tiny aperture or with extremely short focal length; and the possibility of being bent with a small radius of curvature without spoiling transmission characteristics. In the case of a typical fiber guide with length 1 meter and diameter 0.3 mm, transmission loss is about 0.2 dB and depolarization is about 20 dB at wavelength 0.63μ. The mode pattern of a laser beam after passing through the fiber guide is scarcely deformed. The fiber guide can be used as a transmission line or lens, in optical communication, optical data processing, and optical instruments.

Transillumination of the Oral Cavity with Use of Fiber Optics

Abstract: Fiber optics applied to transillumination of teeth and other oral structures is a useful technic for detection of caries, calculus, and soft tissue lesions. It permits a cold, high-intensity light source to be used anywhere in the oral cavity with ease and flexibility. It often shows the degree of undermined carious tooth structure more accurately than the usual bitewing radiograph, and may aid in diagnosis of periapical and periodontal abscesses before bony destruction has occurred or swelling is apparent.

Optical stimulated emission devices employing optical guiding

Abstract: There is disclosed a coherent optical device in which a fluid active medium is included in a guiding structure and stimulated emission of coherent radiation is achieved by monochromatic light launched into the guiding structure with a power level several orders of magnitude less than that necessary for any previous such device or by a substantially less concentrated fluid active medium than previously used at prior art low power levels. The guiding structure typically includes an active fluid contained in a drawn capillary tube of internal diameter in the range from about 0.5 micron to about 50 microns or disposed about an optical fiber of comparable transverse dimension. The active fluid can be flowed in a direction either along or transverse to the axis of the guiding structure. The disclosed species include stimulated Raman emission devices and dye lasers.

Integrating Cube Scattering Detector

Abstract: The construction, calibration, and use of an integrating cube scattering detector used to measure scattering losses in optical fibers is described. The detector consists of six 1-cm sq silicon solar cells, each sensitive surface of which comprises one interior surface of a cube 1 cm on edge. Small holes in the center of two opposite faces of the cube permit the optical fiber to pass through the detector so that all the scattered light falls on a photosensitive surface.

Fiber optics light source

Abstract: A fiber optics light source of compact, flat configuration comprises a narrow lamphouse including lamp, reflector and condenser aligned for focusing into the receiving end of a fiber optics bundle, and an air impeller mounted laterally of the lamphouse to direct air over the lamp for dissipating heat buildup. The light source may be built into a dental chair or the like, or it may be a separate module.

Multi-terminal optical cable utilizing a flexible graded optical fiber

Abstract: A multi-terminal optical cable includes an optical focusing fiber having a refractive index distribution in which the index varies in substantial inverse proportion to the square of the radial distance form the central longitudinal axis of the fiber to its outer periphery. A plurality of input electrical signals are converted into corresponding light signals at one end of the fiber. Those light signals are imaged by the fiber in a one-toone relationship on an array of light-sensing elements at the other end of the fiber at which the light images are reconverted to electrical signals, corresponding to the input electrical signals.

Optical fiber display

Abstract: An optical fiber display for use within a fish tank or the like for decorative or lighting purposes. A plurality of optical fibers are disposed below the liquid level of the tank and the light receiving ends of the fibers are secured in communication with a light source. The light source includes a light bulb and electrical connection for the bulb which is separated from the liquid. In particular embodiments the light-receiving fiber ends are carried on one side of a wall of the tank while the light bulb and electrical connection are carried on the other side of the wall.

Encoded card employing fiber optic elements

Abstract: An encoded card having a layer of light-transmitting elements such as fibers extending between two edges, the fibers being individually capable of transmitting magnetic radiant energy, in the visible, ultraviolet or infrared spectral regions.

Self-retaining fiber optic lens

Abstract: In a preferred form, this disclosure relates to a lens structure of a fiber optic assembly and which is adapted to be detachably connected to an apertured panel. The lens structure comprises a unitary body having forward and rearward socket portions having a common bottom wall which defines a lens portion for concentrating light being transmitted through a fiber optic bundle which is detachably connected via an end connector to the rearward socket portion. The forward socket portion has a side wall defining an axially extending recess through which the lens can be viewed and which includes a pair of deflectable fingers which cooperate with a flange on the side wall to detachably connect the lens structure to the apertured panel.

Launching into optical-fibre waveguide

Abstract: A theoretical and experimental study has been made of the launching of the fundamental HE11 mode into glass-fibre optical waveguide from a focused linearly polarised laser beam. Efficiencies approaching 100% are possible in theory. A practical efficiency of about 50% has been achieved.

Veneer inspection system

Abstract: On-line apparatus for inspecting a moving strip of veneer for the presence of cracks, knotholes, voids and similar type wood defects utilizing light transmission through the material to detect discontinuities therein. Light radiation transmitted through such a wood defect is detected by a scanner head formed of a plurality of flexible, light-conducting optical fibers whose terminal ends are positioned adjacent the surface of the veneer strip on the side opposite the light source and at spaced locations along the transverse width of the strip. The detected light radiation is conveyed by the flexible fibers to a corresponding array of photoelectric transducers which are strobe interrogated in serial sequence so as to generate as an output a composite waveform indicative of the light transmissibility pattern of the cross-section of veneer strip passing over the scanner head at the instant of the strobe. This strobe interrogation process is repeated at regular close intervals, so as to generate successive waveforms representative of the character of the wood strip passing over the scanner head. The presence of through-wood defects produces corresponding variations in the successive waveform outputs of the photosensor array which, after digitizing, are fed into arithmetic and logic circuitry. Counter and comparator elements operate on this digital information to measure the cross-grain and with-grain dimensions of individual defects and generate an actuating signal when a defect exceeds predetermined dimensional limits. The logic circuitry distinguishes cracks and splits on the one hand, which have large with-grain and quite narrow cross-grain dimension, from knotholes and other voids in the wood having substantially larger cross-grain dimension than cracks or splits.

Illuminated surgical retractor

Abstract: A surgical retractor having a pair of elongated members mutually interconnected at one end thereof for relative movement, and mounting at a second end thereof opposing retracting members adapted to engage the upper and lower eyelids of a patient. A fiber optic light-transmitting cable is interconnected at one end thereof to a light source, and interconnects with a pair of smaller fiber optic cables which extend over and are supported by said pair of retracting elements. Each of said pair of smaller cables bifurcates to provide a pair of still smaller cables, the free ends of which are positioned to lie upon a surface of a retracting member, whereby light rays emanating from said free ends are directed by adjustment of the retracting members with respect to the elongated members. A second fiber optic cable includes means for mounting the free end thereof in the vicinity of said retracting members to provide external illumination to the body cavity being retracted.

X-ray collimator having a fiber optic light source therein for alignment purposes

Abstract: X-ray collimator having a fiber optic light source attached thereto, and method for accurately aiming a collimated X-ray beam at a test sample using fiber optic light source.

Shielded optical radiation detecting device

Abstract: An optical radiation detecting device adapted particularly for temperature detection systems such as welding apparatus and which comprises a fluid-cooled fiber optic radiation sensing and transmitting means having means for shielding the sensing portion of the device from extraneous or stray radiation in the visible and near visible portions of the spectrum.

Glassware inspection apparatus employing fiber-optic guides

Abstract: Optical glassware inspection apparatus with rotating upright ware at an inspection station and fiber-optic bundles employed for light source and/or reflected light pickup devices with light source and pickup centerlines tangential to the ware and perpendicular to each other, the pickup device having a vertically elongated scanning head.

Can weld side-seam defect detector utilizing infrared detection means and collimator fiber optics

Abstract: In order to detect can weld side-seam flaws or defects an infrared sensitive detector head is used A collimator fiber optics or an optical mask are used to give a higher resolution Optical fibers may have a second coating of EMA or an occasional optically absorbent fiber may be placed parallel to the optic fibers in order to cut down crosstalk and introduce an absorbent medium between the fibers Coherent fiber optics may be used

Read-out means for locating and positioning objects with respect to a laser beam reference

Abstract: A passive optical read-out device is provided for locating and positioning objects with respect to a fixed laser beam established in space as a parametric guideline. A plurality of fiber optic bundles extend from an input array to an output or read-out array with the ends of the individual bundles having the same relative position in each of the input and read-out arrays. A laser beam impinged on anyone of the ends of the fiber optic bundles in the input array will cause the corresponding output or read-out end of that same fiber optic bundle to glow brightly in the read-out array. This notifies the observer of the read-out array that a laser beam has impinged upon the input array and also advises the viewer as to the relative position of the beam on the input array.

Method of fabricating illuminated fiber optics

Abstract: ILLUMINATED IMAGE TRANSPORTING FIBER OPTICS ARE FABRICATED BY FIRST FORMING A COHERENT BUNDLE OF OPTICAL FIBERS, THE ENDS OF THE BUNDLE BEING ARRANGED IN IDENTICAL GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS AND BOUND TOGETHER WITH AN ACID LEACHABLE SILICA-FREE GLASS. A THICKNESS OF FIBERS IS REMOVED FROM ONE END OF THE COHERENT BUNDLE WHEREUPON REMAINING FIBERS AT THAT END AND THE ENTIRE OPPOSITE END OF THE BUNDLE ARE SEALED WITH AN ACID RESISTANT COVER. THE INTERMEDIATE UNCOVERED PARTS OF THE BUNDLE ARE LEACHED TO SIMULTANEOUSLY FREE CORRESPONDING INTERMEDIATE LENGTHS OF THE FIBERS AND ENDS OF THE FIBERS OF SAID PARTIALLY REMOVED THICKNESS THEREOF. THE RESULTING FREE ENDS OF THE PARTIALLY REMOVED THICKNESS OF FIBERS ARE GATHERED INTO A BUNDLE WHEREBY LIGHT APPLIED THERETO PROVIDES ILLUMINATION AT THE OPPOSITE END OF THE COHERENT BUNDLE.

Single pickup tube color television camera

Abstract: In a multiple-image/single-tube color camera an arrangement of air spaced dichroic layers splits image-forming white light into three distinct-color parallel beams. Fiber optic material is used to translate all of the color beams to a common target plane of the pickup tube upon which the photoconductive surface is deposited. In one embodiment the faceplate of the tube is a composite of fiber optic material and homogeneous glass. In another, the faceplate is formed exclusively of fiber optic material.

Means for securing planar member to cathode ray tube faceplate

Abstract: A planar member such as a phosphor coated fiber optic plate, having a thermal coefficient of expansion that is incompatible with that of a cathode ray tube faceplate, is accurately supported a precise distance from the inner surface of the faceplate by a plurality of glass posts having slots in which the peripheral portion of the fiber optic plate is disposed. A spring contact member affixed to at least one glass post applies a holding force to the fiber optic plate and makes electrical contact between the plate and a conductive coating on the inside of the tube envelope.

Fiber Optics. XII. A Technique for Launching an Arbitrary Mode on an Optical Dielectric Waveguide

Abstract: A spatial-filtering technique is described which provides a means for launching an arbitrary mode on a fiber-optical waveguide. Appropriate amplitude and phase filters are used to discriminate against unwanted modes. These are inserted in the pupil of a launching lens which focuses collimated light onto the end of the guide. A double-path illuminating system is generally needed to obtain the required input polarization. The method is evaluated both theoretically and experimentally, and the agreement is found to be good within the practical limitations of cross-sectional irregularities in the nominally circular optical fibers.

Method of making high resolution image transmitting fiber optics bundles

Abstract: A LARGE NUMBER OF LIGHT-TRANSMITTING CONVENTIONALLY CLAD GLASS RODS ENVELOPED OR SUPERCLADDED WITH A BONDIING MATERIAL ARE GATHERED, ALIGNED, HEATED AND STRETCHED WHILE MAINTAINED IN ALIGMENT TO REDUCE THEIR DIAMETER AND BOND THEM TO EACH OTHER TO FORM A BUNDLE OF MUTUALLY ALIGNED FIBERS. THE MATERIAL FOR THE LIGHT-TRANSMITTING RODS IS SELECTED SO THAT IT WITHSTANDS A CHEMICAL SOLUTION IN WHICH THE BONDING MATERIAL IS SOLUBLE. INTERMEDIATE PORTIONS OF THE ROD ARE IMMERSED IN THE SOLUTION TO DISSOLVE THE BONDING MATERIAL FROM BETWEEN THE INDIVIDUAL FIBERS WHILE THE ENDS OF THE FIBERS REMAINS EMBEDDED THEREIN, FIXED WITH RESPECT TO EACH OTHER AND IN THEIR ORIGINAL, MUTUALLY ALIGNED POSITION.

Light conduit with double cladding

Abstract: An optical fiber is provided with an extra outer layer or cladding of a material which is chemically stable and protects the less stable inner optical glass from the adverse effects of moisture or chemicals in the environment when the material is an electronically conducting glass and both ends of the fiber are at substantially different electrical potentials, current in the outer cladding supports resistance heating to prevent the accumulation of moisture. The conductivity of the glass prevents the formation of localized high potential gradients. The fiber is particularly useful in providing a light link between two electrical circuits which are at substantially different electrical potentials.

Cathode ray tube display apparatus with extended tube life

Abstract: The beam of a line scan fiber optics cathode ray tube is repeatedly swept along the phosphor element of the tube by a horizontal deflection coil to provide traces, representing the values of a plurality of data signals, which are recorded on a record sheet drawn continuously over the face of the fiber optics strip of the tube. A vertical shift deflection coil, energized by the trianglular wave output signal of a shift deflection generator, slowly and continuously shifts the path, along which the beam sweeps on the phosphor, up and down between the boundaries of the area of the phosphor which is coextensive with the active area of the fiber optics strip.

Optical counting method and apparatus

Abstract: The rapid and accurate counting of articles positioned in closely spaced relationship on a support is disclosed. The technique is implemented with the use of a movable detector head employing a linear array of optical fibers, the detector head being designed to provide a low friction sliding contact with the articles to be counted.

Method for making monofilament fiber optic ribbons for coherent fiberscopes

Abstract: Monofilament optical fiber ribbons are formed by winding fiber convolutions one over another throughout a short section of the length of each ribbon, bringing the convolutions into accurately superimposed parallel relationship in said section of the ribbon and cementing across the section to hold same intact for assemblying and cementing together corresponding sections of a number of the ribbons as a fiberscope body.

Resolution improvement for optical scanners

Abstract: A device providing high resolution readout of information stored on a film. A slit equal in width to the desired spot size diameter is placed in front of a moving film. A fiber optics strip is placed in back of the film in line with the slit. A beam of light scans across the slit. The fiber optics strip is comprised of a plurality of optic fibers. The width of each fiber is also equal to the desired spot size diameter. All of the optic fibers are connected to a small group of photodetectors. The fibers and the detectors are arranged in such a manner that no one detector will receive information from more than one fiber at any one time as the beam scans across the slit.

Optical-monitoring apparatus utilizing fiber optics

Abstract: Optical-monitoring apparatus utilizing fiber optics for use with a chamber to monitor material being evaporated from a source having an aperture plate through which vapors being evaporated can be evaporated onto a substrate with fiber optic means for supplying light to the substrate and fiber optic means for receiving light reflected from the material deposited on the substrate.

Termination method for optic means

Abstract: A terminal member is adapted to be secured onto the end of a fiber optic means at a minimum loss of transmission characteristics of the fiber optic means.