Topic
Optical polarization
About: Optical polarization is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13992 publications have been published within this topic receiving 244284 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, isolated points of circular polarization in transverse fields of varying polarization are classified morphologically into three distinct types known as lemons, stars, and monstars, and these morphologies are interpreted here according to two natural parameters associated with the singularity, namely, the anisotropy of the C point and the polarization azimuth.
Abstract: C points, that is, isolated points of circular polarization in transverse fields of varying polarization, are classified morphologically into three distinct types known as lemons, stars, and monstars. These morphologies are interpreted here according to two natural parameters associated with the singularity, namely, the anisotropy of the C point and the polarization azimuth on the anisotropy axis. In addition to providing insight into singularity morphology, this observation applies to the densities of the various morphologies in isotropic random polarization speckle fields.
93 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined the polarization of the bulk nuclear-spin system in diamond produced by interaction with optically oriented nitrogen vacancy (NV) defect centers, showing that nuclei are polarized into the higher-energy Zeeman state with a bulk-average polarization up to 5.2%.
Abstract: We determine the polarization of the bulk $^{13}\text{C}$ nuclear-spin system in diamond produced by interaction with optically oriented nitrogen vacancy (NV) defect centers. $^{13}\text{C}$ nuclei are polarized into the higher-energy Zeeman state with a bulk-average polarization up to 5.2%, although local polarization may be higher. The kinetics of polarization are temperature independent and occur within 5 min. Fluctuations in the dipolar field of the NV-center spin bath are identified as the mechanism by which nuclear-spin transitions are induced near defect centers. Polarization is then transported to the bulk material via spin diffusion, which accounts for the observed kinetics of polarization. These results indicate control over the nuclear-spin bath, a methodology to study dynamics of an NV-center ensemble, and application to sensitivity-enhanced NMR.
93 citations
26 Jan 2018
TL;DR: An efficient surface time-reversal of the incident electric field in an ENZ material producing both phase-conjugated and negative refracted beams is provided.
Abstract: We provide an efficient surface time-reversal of the incident electric field in an ENZ material producing both phase-conjugated and negative refracted beams. The results obtained exploiting degenerate four-wave mixing show an efficiency conversion over 200%.
93 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an analysis of radio spectral properties in total intensity and polarization, size, optical identifications and redshift distribution of the BSS sources, showing spectral curvature in most sources with spectral steepening that increases at higher frequencies.
Abstract: The Australia Telescope 20-GHz (AT20G) Survey is a blind survey of the whole southern sky at 20GHz (with follow-up observations at 4.8 and 8.6 GHz) carried out with the Australia Telescope Compact Array from 2004 to 2007. The Bright Source Sample (BSS) is a complete flux-limited subsample of the AT20G Survey catalogue comprising 320 extragalactic (|b| > 1°.5) radio sources south of δ = -15° with S 20GHz > 0.50 Jy. Of these, 218 have near simultaneous observations at 8 and 5 GHz. In this paper we present an analysis of radio spectral properties in total intensity and polarization, size, optical identifications and redshift distribution of the BSS sources. The analysis of the spectral behaviour shows spectral curvature in most sources with spectral steepening that increases at higher frequencies (the median spectral index a, assuming S oc v α , decreases from α 8.6 4.8 = 0.11 between 4.8 and 8.6 GHz to α 20 8.6 = -0.16 between 8.6 and 20 GHz), even if the sample is dominated by flat spectra sources (85 per cent of the sample has α 20 8.6 > -0.5). The almost simultaneous spectra in total intensity and polarization allowed us a comparison of the polarized and total intensity spectra: polarized fraction slightly increases with frequency, but the shapes of the spectra have little correlation. Optical identifications provided an estimation of redshift for 186 sources with a median value of 1.20 and 0.13, respectively, for QSO and galaxies.
92 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, thin films of crystalline polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were prepared by pulsed-laser deposition using 248 nm UV-excimerlaser radiation.
92 citations