Showing papers on "Oral hygiene published in 1971"

Caries incidence and oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment.

Abstract: – One hundred and seventy-three individuals receiving orthodontic full band treatment in one or both dental arches were examined in order to assess the relationship between caries incidence and oral hygiene during treatment. Thorough instruction in toothbrushing with a horizontal scrub technique was given. Topical application of sodium fluoride was used regularly throughout the experimental period. The average period of treatment was 19 months. Monthly assessments of oral hygiene were performed through partial recordings utilizing the Plaque (PII) and Gingival Index (GI) systems. Smooth surface carious lesions on vestibular and lingual surfaces of banded teeth were assessed according to a proposed Caries Index (CI) at the time of removal of the orthodontic appliances. The results demonstrated a definite correlation between oral health and caries incidence. With increasing mean PII and GI scores, there were concomitant, almost linear increases in mean CI scores. On an average, the girls had lower PII, GI, and CI scores than boys. The correlations between caries incidence and age, duration of treatment, and initial caries experience were not significant.

Studies on Dental Aerobiology: II. Microbial Splatter Discharged from the Oral Cavity of Dental Patients

Abstract: The distribution and bacterial content of splatter particles emanating from a patient's mouth during dental procedures was studied in a controlled environment operatory. Levels of contamination far exceeding those produced by common oral activities were observed. Suction and preoperative oral hygiene procedures are not effective in reducing contamination from bacterial splatters, and the modification of certain procedures and the use of protective shields or glasses is advised.

The plaque-removing effect of four toothbrushing methods

Abstract: – Two experimental studies were carried out to compare the plaque-removing ability of three well-known tooth-brushing methods (the roll, the horizontal scrub, and Charters') and brushing with a singletufted brush, the interbrush method. After withdrawal of all oral hygiene measures for three days, the teeth were brushed by a dental hygienist employing one of the methods in each quadrant of the mouth. The brushing was performed with brushes recommended for the different methods. Immediately after the brushing, the remaining plaque was assessed according to the Plaque Index. The brushing methods tested showed negligible effect on interdental plaque accumulations. This was valid both in dental students with healthy periodontal conditions and in periodontally treated persons. Vestibularly and lingually more plaque was left after brushing with the roll method than after brushing with any of the other methods. The differences between the horizontal scrub, the Charters', and the interbrush methods were small. Time studies revealed that the horizontal scrub was the least time-consuming method. The roll method required a little more time, but less than Charters’method, whereas the interbrush method was more time-consuming than any of the other methods tested.

Dental Plaque and Oral Health

Abstract: Oral diseases in man, such as periodon-titis and dental caries, are not caused by single pathogenic organisms but appear to be the result of the complex biological interactions of the various organisms of which dental plaque is composed.

Educational oral hygiene device for young children

Abstract: An oral hygiene device is provided with a handle member, a tooth cleaning portion and a teether member. Support members may be provided intermediate the handle member and the teether member.

Dental Care and Oral Hygiene Before and After Treatment: Radiation Caries

Abstract: There is not one single thing in preventive medicine that equals in importance mouth hygiene and the preservation of teeth."24 Proper dental care and oral hygiene is of utmost importance in a healthy mouth. In one afflicted with cancer, such care may be critical in the successful management of the disease. Whether the treatment be surgery, irradiation, or a combination of the two, dental care should play a prominent part, before, during, and after treatment.Pretreatment Phase Surgery.— Initially, a careful examination and record should be made of the patient's mouth, including dentition and soft tissue. The examination should include dental x-ray films, or panoramic radiogram of jaws, in order that the extent of infection may be adequately recognized. Teeth with severe coronal destruction, severe periodontal disease, or periapical infection should be removed. In some instances, endodontics may be indicated. Dental prophylaxis, including removal of calculus deposit, restorations of

Adult dental health in fluoride and non-fluoride areas. 2. Caries experience in each tooth type.

Abstract: Adult dental health in fluoride and non-fluoride areas. 2. Caries experience in each tooth type

Oral Health in Guatemalan Rural Populations

Abstract: In three Guatemalan rural populations absence of preventive measures, lack of oral hygiene, and poor diet were associated with severe dental caries. Young subjects with deciduous teeth had a higher incidence of caries than previously reported. Good masticatory functional patterns prevailed.

Effect of Constant Diet on Microbial Populations of Human Dental Plaque.

Abstract: : Constant diet, minimal oral hygiene, and simulated weightlessness appeared to have no statistically significant effect on selected microbial populations of human dental plaque. Subjects were eight airmen participating in a concurrently conducted bed rest - exercise study. Oral prophylaxis and restoration of various teeth preceded the 16-week study, and minimal oral hygiene procedures were imposed. Samples were collected twice during the first week and once weekly thereafter. Standard bacteriologic plate count procedures were used to enumerate selected organisms. Total aerobes, total anaerobes, and populations of Actinomyces, Fusobacterium, Neisseria, Nocardia, and Veillonella generally tended to decrease throughout the study. Aerobic and facultative streptococci and populations of S. salivarius, Bacteroides melanogenicus, and Lactobacillus generally showed little change other than normal fluctuation. Only the weekly means for S. salivarius were significantly different for supra- and subgingival plaque. Correlation of bacterial count data with clinical observations indicate that the minimal oral hygiene procedures imposed during this study were sufficient to remove bacterial plaque and prevent shifts in predominant organisms in developing plaque, thereby maintaining the oral health status of the individual subjects. (Author)

A Study of Correlation between Plaque and Gingivitis and Dental Caries

Abstract: The relationship between oral cleanliness and the prevalence of dental caries and gingivitis were investigated in 288 school children of 12 to 15 years residing in the suburbs of Sendai in 1969 and in 265 similar children in 1970.The scores of the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (Greene, J.C. and Vermillion, J.R. 1964.), PMA index of front teeth (Schour, I. and Massler, M., 1948) and DMFT index were treated statistically and the following results were obtained. A close correlation between the scores of OHI-S and PMA of front teeth was present but no correlation between OHI-S and DMFT as several investigators had reported.In the study of 1970, the subjects were rated by Occlusal Plaque Index (O·P·I·), estimated by the amounts of the disclosed occlusal plaque of the four first molars. The O·P·I· scores were closely correlated with DMFT index scores, and the coefficients of correlation were 0.371 (P<0.001) in 134 boys and 0.248 (P<0.01) in 131 girls.As a highly statistical significant relationship was found between the amounts of the occlusal plaque of molars and the prevalence of dental caries, the Occlusal Plaque Index could be a useful index for estimating the status of oral hygiene in public.

Review of Greene and Vermillion: "Oral Hygiene Research and Implications for Periodontal Care"

Abstract: There are several truisms in the paper of Greene and Vermillion that apply to diseases in general and with which one cannot disagree. Filth is associated with disease. The finding that less filth in the oral milieu is associated with a drop in the disease status of the periodontium is consistent with these findings. Poverty is also associated with disease. Raising the socioeconomic level usually results in a drop in the disease rate. Periodontal disease is known to be related to socioeconomic status. In the latter part of their paper Greene and Vermillion stated that they had gone rather far afield of the topic they were to have covered. I agree, and on most of that portion I will make no comment. I wish to state, however, that in the past, we, indeed, have confused education with motivation. We now know that it is far easier to educate than to motivate. I shall consider, primarily, the two pertinent studies discussed in the paper: the studies on beagles and humans.