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Organic semiconductor
About: Organic semiconductor is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15905 publications have been published within this topic receiving 533881 citations.
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28 Jan 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method for synthesizing conjugated polymers by step-growth polymerization, which can be seen as an alternative to the traditional linear block copolymerization.
Abstract: Foreword. Preface. List of Contributors. VOLUME 1. Synthetic Methods. 1 Synthetic Methods for Semiconducting Polymers (Alberto Bolognesi and Maria Cecilia Pasini). 1.1 Introduction and Overview. 1.2 Synthetic Pathways for PA. 1.3 Conjugated Polymers by Step-Growth Polymerizations. 1.4 Block Copolymers. 1.5 Towards Autoorganized Devices. References. 2 Processable Semiconducting Polymers Containing Oligoconjugated Blocks (Joannis K. Kallitsis, Panagiotis K. Tsolakis, and Aikaterini K. Andreopoulou). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Rod-Coil Block Copolymers. 2.3 Alternating Conjugated-Nonconjugated Polymers. References. Structure/Morphology. 3 Interfacial Aspects of Semiconducting Polymer Devices (Richard A. L. Jones). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Some Basics of Polymer Blend Thermodynamics and Dynamics. 3.3 Surface Segregation, Surface-driven Phase Separation, Wetting and Self-Stratification. 3.4 Morphology in Thin Films of Semiconducting Polymer Blends. 3.5 Surface Segregation in Polymer-doped Conducting Polymers. 3.6 Interface Structure. 3.7 Conclusions. References. Electronic Structure of Interfaces. 4 Electronic Structure of Surfaces and Interfaces in Conjugated Polymers (Michael Logdlund, Mats Fahlman, Stina K.M. Jonsson, and William R. Salaneck). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Photoelectron Spectroscopy. 4.3 Theoretical Approaches. 4.4 Materials. 4.5 Charge Storage States in Conjugated Polymers. 4.6 Interface Formations in Conjugated Systems. 4.7 Summary. References. Photophysics. 5 Photophysics of Conjugated Polymers (Lewis Rothberg). 5.1 Introduction and Overview. 5.2 Definitions and Terminology. 5.3 Spectroscopy. 5.4 Photophysics. 5.5 Summary. 5.6 Conclusion. References. 6 Photophysics in Semiconducting Polymers: The Case of Polyfluorenes (Christoph Gadermaier, Larry Luer, Alessio Gambetta, Tersilla Virgili, Margherita Zavelani-Rossi, and Guglielmo Lanzani). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Experimental. 6.3 Low-Dimensional Physics in Conjugated Chains. 6.4 Ground-State Absorption and cw Photoluminescence. 6.5 Long-Lived Photoexcitation in Polyfluorenes (PFs). 6.6 Singlet Exciton Dynamics. 6.7 On-Chain Emissive Defects. 6.8 Charged Excitations and Their Photogeneration Mechanism. 6.9 Intrachain Dynamics. 6.10 Three-Pulse Time-Resolved Experiments. 6.11 Light-Emitting-Diode-Related Dynamics in the Ultrafast Timescale. References. 7 Spectroscopy of Photoexcitations in Conjugated Polymers (Z. Valy Vardeny and Markus Wohlgenannt). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Experimental Methods. 7.3 Experimental Results: cw PA Spectroscopy. 7.4 Transient Pump-and-Probe Spectroscopy. 7.5 Multiple-Pulse Transient Spectroscopy. 7.6 ODMR Spectroscopy: Measurement of Spin-Dependent Polaron Recombination Rates. 7.7 Summary. References. Transport/Injection. 8 Charge Transport in Neat and Doped Random Organic Semiconductors (Vladimir I. Arkhipov, Igor I. Fishchuk, Andriy Kadashchuk, and Heinz Bassler). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Charge Generation. 8.3 Charge-Carrier Hopping in Noncrystalline Organic Materials. 8.4 Experimental Techniques. 8.5 Experimental Results. 8.6 Conclusions. References. 9 Charge Transport and Injection in Conjugated Polymers (Paul W.M. Blom, Cristina Tanase, and Teunis van Woudenbergh). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Charge Transport. 9.3 Charge Injection. References. VOLUME 2. Applications. 10 Physics of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (Ian H. Campbell, Brian K. Crone, and Darryl L. Smith). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Thin Films of Organic Semiconductors. 10.3 Device Electronic Structure. 10.4 Single-Layer Devices. 10.5 Multilayer Devices. 10.6 Conclusions. References. 11 Conjugated Polymer-Based Organic Solar Cells (Gilles Dennler, Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci, and Christoph J. Brabec). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Conjugated Polymers as Photoexcited Donors. 11.3 Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells. 11.4 Determining Parameters of Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells. 11.5 From Basics to Applications. 11.6 Conclusions. References. 12 Organic Thin-Film Transistors (Gilles Horowitz). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 The MISFET - A Reminder. 12.3 The Organic Transistor - What's Different? 12.4 Charge-Transport Mechanisms. 12.5 Concluding Remarks. References. 13 n-Channel Organic Transistor Semiconductors for Plastic Electronics Technologies (Howard E. Katz). 13.1 Plastic Electronics Technology and Organic Semiconductors. 13.2 n-Channel OFET Semiconductors. 13.3 Conclusion. References. 14 Photochromic Diodes (Xavier Crispin, Peter Andersson, Nathaniel D. Robinson, Yoann Olivier, Jerome Cornil, and Magnus Berggren). 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Photochromic Molecules. 14.3 Organic Diodes. 14.4 Electronic Switches - Device Concepts. 14.5 Conclusions. References. 15 Organic/Polymeric Thin-Film Memory Devices (Yang Yang, Jianyong Ouyang, Liping Ma, Jia-Hung Tseng, and Chih-Wei Chu). 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Review of Polymer and Organic Memory. 15.3 OMO Nanoparticle Layered Memory Devices. 15.4 Polymer-Blend Composite System. 15.5 Advanced Memory Device Architecture. 15.6 Conclusion. References. 16 Biosensors Based on Conjugated Polymers (Hoang-Anh Ho and Mario Leclerc). 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 Different Types of CPs. 16.3 Colorimetric Methods. 16.4 Fluorometric Methods. 16.5 Electrochemical Methods. 16.6 Conclusions and Perspectives. References. Processing. 17 Manufacturing of Organic Transistor Circuits by Solution-Based Printing (Henning Sirringhaus, Christoph W. Sele, Timothy von Werne, and Catherine Ramsdale). 17.1 Introduction to Printed Organic Thin-Film Transistors. 17.2 Overview of Printing-Based Manufacturing Approaches for OTFTs. 17.3 High-Resolution, Self-Aligned Inkjet Printing. 17.4 Performance and Reliability of Solution-Processed OTFTs for Applications in Flexible Displays. 17.5 Conclusions. References. 18 High-Resolution Composite Materials for Organic Electronics (Graciela Blanchet). 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 Building Blocks. 18.3 Large-Area Printing Process and Devices. 18.4 Printable Materials. 18.5 Conclusion. References. Subject Index.
254 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the degradation of electrical performance under high relative humidity was attributed to charge trapping at grain boundaries by polar water molecules reducing the rate of charge transport, and the moisture sensitivity of the OTFT saturation current depends on the device geometry (bottom or top contact device) and channel length.
Abstract: Humidity dependence of electrical performance of p-channel organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with various semiconductor compounds has been investigated. All devices showed decreased current output and mobility as the relative humidity (RH) was increased. The moisture sensitivity of the OTFT saturation current depends on the device geometry (bottom or top contact device) and channel length. The OTFT configuration with a short channel length and bottom contact was most affected by humidity compared to the top contact and larger channel length OTFT structures. The degradation of electrical performance under high RH is attributed to charge trapping at grain boundaries by polar water molecules reducing the rate of charge transport.
254 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, organic n-channel field effect transistors and circuits based on C60 films grown by hot wall epitaxy were investigated and the electron mobility was found to be dependent strongly on the substrate temperature during film growth and on the type of the gate dielectric employed.
Abstract: We report on organic n-channel field-effect transistors and circuits based on C60 films grown by hot wall epitaxy. Electron mobility is found to be dependent strongly on the substrate temperature during film growth and on the type of the gate dielectric employed. Top-contact transistors employing LiF∕Al electrodes and a polymer dielectric exhibit maximum electron mobility of 6cm2∕Vs. When the same films are employed in bottom-contact transistors, using SiO2 as gate dielectric, mobility is reduced to 0.2cm2∕Vs. By integrating several transistors we are able to fabricate high performance unipolar (n-channel) ring oscillators with stage delay of 2.3μs.
254 citations
TL;DR: A proof-of-concept demonstration of the coordination of organic semiconductors with metal cations can induce metal-to-ligand charge transfer, which broadens light absorption to cover the visible-near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectrum.
Abstract: The coordination of organic semiconductors with metal cations can induce metal-to-ligand charge transfer, which broadens light absorption to cover the visible-near-infrared (vis-NIR) spectrum. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the g-C3 N4 -based complex exhibits dramatically enhanced photocatalytic H2 production with excellent durability under vis-NIR irradiation.
253 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the ratio between mobility and diffusion parameters for a Gaussian-like density of states for a wide range of organic materials (polymers or small molecules) and showed that there is an inherent dependence of the transport in trap-free disordered organic materials on the charge density.
Abstract: The ratio between mobility and diffusion parameters is derived for a Gaussian-like density of states. This steady-state analysis is expected to be applicable to a wide range of organic materials (polymers or small molecules) as it relies on the existence of quasiequilibrium only. Our analysis shows that there is an inherent dependence of the transport in trap-free disordered organic materials on the charge density. The implications for the contact phenomena and exciton generation rate in light emitting diodes as well as channel width in field-effect transistors is discussed.
253 citations