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Orientation column

About: Orientation column is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1142 publications have been published within this topic receiving 130169 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the tree shrew the functional result of the anatomical organization within layer IV is to combine, rather than to segregate the influence of the two eyes.

48 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Apr 1973-Science
TL;DR: During development, rabbits were exposed only to vertical or horizontal lines to determine if the receptive field characteristics of visual cortex cells would be altered as they are in the cat, which suggests that the rabbit may lack the neural plasticity seen in some other mammals.
Abstract: During development, rabbits were exposed only to vertical or horizontal lines to determine if the receptive field characteristics of visual cortex cells would be altered as they are in the cat. Motion and directional selectivity were preserved, and orientation specificity remained unaffected by the restricted experience, which suggests that the rabbit may lack the neural plasticity seen in some other mammals.

48 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These experiments provide the first anatomical evidence for changes in cortical metabolism that can be correlated with suppression scotomas in subjects with strabismus.
Abstract: Misalignment of the ocular axes induces double vision and rivalry. To prevent these unpleasant sensations, most subjects fixate preferentially with one eye and suppress entirely the deviating eye or else suppress portions of the visual field of either eye. To explore the mechanism of visual suppression, a divergent strabismus (exotropia) was induced in six normal, adult Macaca fascicularis by disinserting the medial rectus muscles. After 4-8 weeks, each animal was chaired to measure its exotropia and to determine its ocular fixation preference. Five of the monkeys developed a clearly dominant eye. It was injected with [(3)H]proline. Alternate sections from flat-mounts of striate cortex were then processed either for autoradiography to label the ocular dominance columns or for cytochrome oxidase (CO) to assess local metabolic activity. Two CO patterns were seen, often in the same cortex. The first consisted of thin dark columns alternating with wide pale columns. This pattern arose from reduced CO activity in the suppressed eye's monocular core zones and both eyes' binocular border strips. The second pattern consisted of thin pale bands from reduced metabolic activity in both eyes' border strips. The thin dark-wide pale CO pattern was more widespread in the three animals with a strong fixation preference. The dark CO columns usually fit in register with the ocular dominance columns of the fixating eye, suggesting that perception was suppressed in the deviating eye. In most animals, however, the correlation switched in peripheral cortex contralateral to the deviating eye, implying local suppression of the fixating eye's temporal retina (beyond 10 degrees), as reported in humans with divergent strabismus. In the two animals with a weak fixation preference, pale border strips were found within the central visual field representation in both hemispheres. This CO pattern was consistent with alternating visual suppression. These experiments provide the first anatomical evidence for changes in cortical metabolism that can be correlated with suppression scotomas in subjects with strabismus.

47 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Microelectrode penetrations normal to the layers of foveal striate cortex in awake, behaving monkeys have revealed two new facts about the distribution of orientation preferences in this tissue: in the top layers there is a predominance of vertical orientation preferences at eccentricities of less than 30 min, and in the bottom layers there are oblique orientation preferences.
Abstract: Microelectrode penetrations normal to the layers of foveal striate cortex in awake, behaving monkeys have revealed two new facts about the distribution of orientation preferences in this tissue: (1) In the top layers there is a predominance of vertical orientation preferences at eccentricities of less than 30 min, and a predominance of oblique orientation preferences at eccentricities of 30 min to 2 deg. (2) At all eccentricities between 0 and 2 deg there is a striking difference in orientation preference between upper layer (supragranular) and lower layer (infragranular) cells.

47 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231
20223
20212
20208
20192
20189