Output impedance

About: Output impedance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11185 publications have been published within this topic receiving 134949 citations.

An automatic system for adjusting the output impedance of fast cmos drivers

Abstract: An automatic system for adjusting the output impedance of fast CMOS drivers, wherein the output impedance of a plurality of slaved drives is adjusted by a circuit for measuring and correcting mismatch between the output impedance of one of the drivers, taken as reference and dedicated for this purpose, and the impedance at the input of a reference transmission line, equal to the lines connected to the other drivers. The measuring of the output impedance of the reference drive is indirectly effected by inserting at the reference drive input a clock signal and by periodically measuring the output on the reference transmission line in correspondence with the positive half-period center. The measured voltage is sent to a comparator whereby it is compared with a reference level equal to half the maximum level present in the line under matching conditions and, according to the comparison result, a signal is supplied capable of charging or discharging a capacitor, across whose terminals a voltage controlling the driver output impedance is available.

New technique for the accurate location of earth faults on transmission systems

Abstract: A new technique for the single-ended location of resistive earth faults on power transmission lines is presented. Unlike previous work, the algorithm developed has inherent insensitivity to setting errors in the remote source impedance value. This is an important feature, since the remote source impedance often varies significantly under operational conditions. The paper shows the theoretical development of the algorithm, together with a detailed consideration of the hardware aspects. Results are presented for a standard 400 kV transmission line application study.

Self-biased cascode current mirror having high voltage swing and low power consumption

Abstract: A self-biased cascode current mirror includes a current mirror (60), and a cascode bias generator (50). The cascode bias generator (50) includes a resistor (51) to provide a bias voltage for the current mirror (60). The current mirror (60) includes cascode transistor (64) and two mirror transistors (62, 63). The bias voltage is approximately equal to a minimum saturation voltage of the cascode transistor (64) plus a gate-source voltage of the transistor (63) of the current mirror (60). The self-biased cascode current mirror (60) has a high output impedance and high voltage swing while providing low power consumption and requiring a small layout area.

Skin condition estimating apparatus

Abstract: There is provided a skin condition estimating apparatus which allows a user to know a skin condition by more sensory characteristics. In impedance measuring means 101, a contact impedance and an internal impedance are measured. In biological equivalent model associated parameter estimating means 102, parameters associated with an equivalent model constituting a living tissue are estimated based on the measured internal impedance. In skin condition estimating means 103, a skin condition is estimated based on at least one of the measured contact impedance, the measured internal impedance, and the estimated parameters associated with an equivalent model constituting a living tissue.

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Improvement with Complex Conjugate Impedance Matching

Abstract: One way to enhance the efficiency of energy harvesting systems is complex conjugate impedance matching of its electrical impedance. In Piezoelectric energy Harvesting systems the match is done to i...