Topic
Output impedance
About: Output impedance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11185 publications have been published within this topic receiving 134949 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a robust droop control strategy to improve load sharing in increasingly popular DC distribution networks by treating the line impedance as part of the equivalent output impedance of individual power converters and minimizing the inaccuracy of load sharing by regulating robust coefficients.
Abstract: DC droop control strategy is usually used to improve load sharing in increasingly popular DC distribution networks. However, the conventional droop control strategy suffers from considerable terminal voltage drop and influences by line impedance. In this study, the authors propose a new robust droop control strategy to overcome these drawbacks. They first develop a mathematical model of the proposed robust controller and use the load terminal voltage as a feedback signal. They further treat the line impedance as part of the equivalent output impedance of individual power converters and minimise the inaccuracy of load sharing by regulating robust coefficients. They analyse the influence of the robust coefficients on the system stability. They have verified the robust control strategy with both power system computer-aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC simulation and control hardware in the loop semi-experimental method. It is shown that the robust concept improves the load sharing accuracy and suppressing the load voltage fluctuation.
43 citations
TL;DR: New voltage-mode min/max circuits are introduced that have a simple architecture that enables them to provide high-speed and high-precision operation and their complexity grows linearly with the number of inputs.
Abstract: New voltage-mode min/max circuits are introduced that have a simple architecture. Unlike conventional winner-take-all or source follower based schemes, the proposed circuits are characterised by reduced voltage swing at all internal nodes and by a very low output impedance, which enables them to provide high-speed and high-precision operation. Their complexity grows linearly with the number of inputs. The characterisation of a test chip prototype has provided experimental verification of these features.
43 citations
Proceedings Article•
16 Jun 2009TL;DR: A 2.25GHz outphasing power amplifier designed in class-D mode for low output impedance and good linearity and delivered 28.1dBm peak CW power with 19.7% system efficiency.
Abstract: A 2.25GHz outphasing power amplifier is implemented in a 45nm LP digital CMOS process. The PA is designed in class-D mode for low output impedance and good linearity. The PA delivers 28.1dBm peak CW power with 19.7% system efficiency (includes all drivers). Average OFDM power is 21.4/20.3dBm with efficiency 8.0/6.5% when transmitting WiFi/WiMAX signals respectively.
43 citations
Patent•
20 Dec 1999
TL;DR: In this article, a CPU 2 sequentially turns on the switch elements 7a to 7n of a resistor selection controller, and the resistors R1 to Rn of resistor array block 5 are connected in series to a damping resistor Rt in series between the output terminal A of a transmission side signal source 11 and the output terminals B of the resistor arrays block 5 as sequential adjustment resistors.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To supply an impedance adapting system realizing precise impedance adaptation based on the actual impedance of a transmission line. SOLUTION: A CPU 2 sequentially turns on the switch elements 7a to 7n of a resistor selection controller 3. The resistors R1 to Rn of a resistor array block 5 are connected in series to a damping resistor Rt in series between the output terminal A of a transmission side signal source 11 and the output terminal B of the resistor array block 5 as sequential adjustment resistors. An adjusting resistor by which the voltage Vb of the output terminal B becomes 1/2 of the voltage Va of the output terminal A is selected at every connection. When Vb=Va/2 is not satisfied, a resistor value where Vb/Va is most close to 1/2 is selected. The characteristic impedance of the transmission line 12 connected to the output terminal B and the sum of the output impedance of the transmission side signal source 11, the damping resistor Rt and the adjusting resistor are approximately impedance-adapted and the reflection noise of the signal of the transmission line 12 can be prevented or can remarkably be reduced.
43 citations
Patent•
16 Mar 1993TL;DR: In this article, an improved current source having high output impedance, low saturation voltage, and less sensitivity to process parameters is achieved by having enhancement P-channel transistor devices used as current mirror, while depletion P-Channel transistor devices are provided as the cascode devices.
Abstract: An improved current source having high output impedance, low saturation voltage, and less sensitivity to process parameters is achieved by having enhancement P-channel transistor devices used as current mirror, while depletion P-channel transistor devices are provided as the cascode devices. A "diode connected" depletion device may be inserted between the enhancement gate and the drain of the current reference transistor to reduce saturation voltage. The "diode connected" depletion device keeps the drains of the enhancement devices at a similar voltage even when the enhancement and depletion device threshold, i.e. V T , do not track over temperature or process. Thus, the current mirror circuit provides not only higher output impedance, lower saturation voltage, but is also less sensitive to process variation.
43 citations