Topic
Overpressure
About: Overpressure is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3236 publications have been published within this topic receiving 34648 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed seismic and acoustic data from a series of controlled truck bomb explosions to develop scaling laws and functional relations between charge size and various waveform properties, and applied the scaling laws developed here to seismic waveforms of the 1998 Nairobi bombing and find a yield of 2.0-6.0 × 103 kg TNT.
Abstract: We analyze seismic and acoustic data from a series of controlled truck bomb explosions to develop scaling laws and functional relations between charge size and various waveform properties. The explosions had yields of 3–12 × 103 kg trinitrotoluene (TNT), and the receivers were placed at distances of 1–16 km, so the data mimic the data previously recorded from actual terrorist truck bombings. We examine four airblast properties (peak overpressure, impulse per unit area, pulse duration, and average shock velocity) and three seismic properties (peak displacement of P wave, low-frequency asymptote of displacement spectrum, and the corner frequency of displacement spectrum) as potential yield estimators. Impulse per unit area and pulse duration observations prove to be the most robust yield indicators; however, peak overpressure, peak displacement, and low-frequency spectral asymptote have significant utility as well. The acoustic scaling laws are more portable than the seismic scaling laws because regional differences in atmospheric structure can be well described by pressure and temperature observations, while regional differences in geologic structure are dependent on a large number of less accessible parameters. We apply the scaling laws developed here to seismic waveforms of the 1998 Nairobi bombing and find a yield of 2.0–6.0 × 103 kg TNT. This value is consistent with but more precise than a previous estimate made via a time domain waveform inversion. Additional testing indicates that our functional relations are likely applicable to surface chemical explosions in general and not limited solely to truck bombs.
51 citations
TL;DR: Numerical simulations were performed to study explosion characteristics of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) explosion in enclosure with a vent, main hazards, within the vent, are overpressure and high temperature, however main hazards are dynamic pressure, blast wind, and highTemperature beyond the vent.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the pressure variations induced by a pool fire in a well-confined and force-ventilated enclosure and found practical applications to fire safety in the nuclear industry in which some compartments are often highly confined and ventilated by means of a ventilation network.
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied coal dust/air mixture explosion under weak ignition conditions in a horizontal experimental tube of diameter 199mm and length 29.6 m. The experimental tube is closed at one end and open at the downstream end.
51 citations
TL;DR: The SCOPE 3 model as discussed by the authors was developed to predict the overpressures which could be generated by gas explosions in vented enclosures, such as offshore modules, in order to model the underlying physical processes in an explosion.
Abstract: The SCOPE 3 model (Shell Code for Overpressure Prediction in gas Explosions) has been developed to predict the overpressures which could be generated by gas explosions in vented enclosures, such as offshore modules. SCOPE 3 attempts, wherever possible, to model the underlying physical processes in an explosion. This phenomenological approach gives greater confidence in predictions for full-scale events than methods based simply on correlations of experimental data.
51 citations