Showing papers on "Oxalic acid published in 1971"
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97 citations
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28 Dec 1971TL;DR: An oxalate salt from which oxalic acid may be produced is prepared by the cationic reduction of carbon dioxide in an electrolytic cell wherein the anode and cathode compartments are separated by a porous membrane and the catholyte is an organic solvent as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: An oxalate salt from which oxalic acid may be produced is prepared by the cationic reduction of carbon dioxide in an electrolytic cell wherein the anode and cathode compartments are separated by a porous membrane and the catholyte is an organic solvent. Tetraethylammonium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, tetrabutylammonium iodide and tetraethylammonium p-toluenesulfonate are the preferred solutes for the catholyte. Coulombic yields as high as 75 percent are obtained where the anolyte is the same electrolyte and solvent as the catholyte while yields as high as 97 percent of sodium oxalate are obtained when aqueous solutions of sodium salts are used as the anolyte.
42 citations
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26 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the anodic oxidation of oxalic acid on Au has been studied at 80°C in aqueous media, and the reaction rate was measured as a function of potential, oxaline acid concentration, pH, and temperature in H2SO4+ K2SO 4+ K 2SO4 + KOH solutions of unit ionic strength.
Abstract: The anodic oxidation of oxalic acid on Au has been studied at 80°C in aqueous media The reaction rate was measured as a function of potential, oxalic acid concentration, pH, and temperature in H2SO4+ K2SO4+ KOH solutions of unit ionic strength The oxalic acid was oxidized in acidic media to CO2 A first-order dependence of the rate on both pH and undissociated oxalic acid was found The first decarboxylation step appears to be rate determining
22 citations
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12 Aug 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined a set of deflocant compositions useful as deflocants in recirculated aqueous systems utilized in the removal of paint sprays from air.
Abstract: Disclosed are compositions useful as deflocculants in recirculated aqueous systems utilized in the removal of paint sprays from air. These compositions comprise (a) a first component selected from water soluble salts of polyaminopolycarboxylic acids; water soluble salts of nitrilotriacetic acid; and mixtures thereof; (b) a second component selected from triethanolamine; water soluble salts of oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid; gluconic acid and glucoheptonic acid; and mixtures thereof; and (c) a third component selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and mixtures thereof. Water systems containing small amounts of these compositions have a capacity of dissolving and dispersing large quantities of paint wastes.
14 citations
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TL;DR: A potentiometric procedure for the assay of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) with vanadium(V) at room temperature with Oxalic acid interferes in the determination, although commonly used excipients such as starch, dextrin, sucrose, glucose, lactose and gum acacia do not interfere.
Abstract: A potentiometric procedure for the assay of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid) with vanadium(V) at room temperature is described. The reduction of vanadium(V) to vanadium(IV) by isoniazid in an acidic medium is catalysed by osmium tetroxide, and the application of this method to the assay of isoniazid in pharmaceutical preparations is considered. Oxalic acid interferes in the determination, although commonly used excipients such as starch, dextrin, sucrose, glucose, lactose and gum acacia do not interfere.
14 citations
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12 Mar 1971TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a solution for removing vanadium from USED HYDROTREATING CATALYST PARTICLES by communicating with the group VI or group VIII METALS by contacting them with an AQUEOUS solution.
Abstract: PROCESS FOR REMOVING VANADIUM SULFIDE FROM USED HYDROTREATING CATALYST PARTICLES COMPRISING GROUP VI OR GROUP VIII METALS BY CONTACTING SAID CATALYST PARTICLES WITH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION COMPRISING OXATILIC ACID BEFORE BURNING COKE FROM THE USED CATALYST PARTICLES
14 citations
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TL;DR: When L-ascorbic acid was used as an additive for baking, it was shown, using radioactive techniques, that about 24% of the carbon present in it was lost, mostly, and probably entirely, as carbon dioxide.
Abstract: When L-ascorbic acid was used as an additive for baking, it was shown, using radioactive techniques, that about 24% of the carbon present in it was lost, mostly, and probably entirely, as carbon dioxide. The rest of the carbon remained in the bread as a mixture of water-soluble acidic substances whose major component appeared to be L-threonic acid; this accounted for about 52% of the carbon in the added ascorbic acid. Lesser amounts of other products present included 2,3-diketo-L-gulonic acid. None of the original L-ascorbic acid, or of its likely decomposition products, dehydro-L-ascorbic acid and oxalic acid, could be detected in the bread.
12 citations
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11 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, deaerated spinach puree was packed into TDT tubes, flushed with nitrogen and sealed, and the tubes were divided into batches and processed with an Fo = 4.9 at temperatures ranging from 240-300°F with 10°F increments.
Abstract: — Deaerated spinach puree was packed into TDT tubes, flushed with nitrogen and sealed. The tubes were divided into batches and processed with an Fo = 4.9 at temperatures ranging from 240–300°F with 10°F increments. Analyses were carried out immediately after processing and after storage for 3 months at 75°F in the dark. Organic acids were analyzed by means of an Automatic Organic Acid Analyzer (AOAA) with confirmation by paper chromatography. Oxalic acid showed poor resolution on the AOAA; therefore, a chemical method was used for analysis. pH measurements were taken and color measured on a Hunterlab Model D25 Color Difference Meter. Catalase determinations were done on the stored samples. After processing, the greatest changes were noted at 240°F, with only minor changes above 280°F. Acetic and pyrrolidone-carboxylic acid (PCA) showed the most change after processing. After storage, the concentration of acids, color and pH was similar for all packs and all proved catalase negative. During storage succinic, PCA and acetic acids showed the greatest increase with the latter two increasing the most at higher temperatures. Also, during storage α-ketoglutaric acid disappeared and pyruvic, glutaric, oxaloacetic and malonic acids were formed at all processing temperatures.
9 citations
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04 Jun 1971
TL;DR: Vanadyl oxalate compounds, such as vanadium pentoxide with oxalic acid dihydrate or anhydrous oxalric acid in an acetic acid solvent system as mentioned in this paper, are prepared by reacting vanadium compounds with oxalinic acid.
Abstract: Vanadyl oxalate compounds, particularly vanadyl oxalate monohydrate and vanadyl oxalate sesquihydrate, are prepared by reacting vanadium pentoxide with oxalic acid dihydrate or anhydrous oxalic acid in an acetic acid solvent system.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was suggested that diester formation occurs by coupling of an intermediate alkoxy carbonyl radical, which was shown to be the case for 9-iodotriptycene and 9-triptycyl iodide.
Abstract: Alkyl half-esters of oxalic acid photolysed with mercury(II) oxide–iodine reagent gave mainly dialkyl oxalates. 1-Apocamphyl hydrogen oxalate gave, in addition to the diester, 1-apocamphyl iodide. 9-Triptycyl hydrogen oxalate gave 9-triptycyl iodoformate, which was thermally decomposed to 9-iodotriptycene and with silver tetrafluoroborate gave 9-triptycyl fluoroformate. We suggest that diester formation occurs by coupling of an intermediate alkoxycarbonyl radical.
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19 May 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, the reduction agents are (hypo) phosphorous acid, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, sulphurous acid, or their salts, dithionites, alkali borohydrides; aliphatic aldehydes, particularly HCHO; HCOOH or oxalic acid or their contents, alphatic or aromatic polyhydroxy cpds., optionally substd. aromatic aminophenols or polyamines, and aliphatically or aromatic sulphinic acids.
Abstract: Non pyrophoric (de)hydrogenation and oxidation catalysts of defined high activity, and also useful as active electrodes for fuel cells, are prepared by depositing a metal or its alloy by chemical reduction from aqs. or non-aqs. solutions of the metals on to a, pref. metal or non-conductor, support, pref. below 120 degrees C (20-90 degrees C). Pref. solution/s contain at least one cpd. of Cu, Ag, Au, Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Rh or Pt; and a further metal cpd. and/or non-metal cpd., more pref. cpds. of In, Ge, Sn, Pb, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Os, Ir, Zn, Cd, B, P or S. The reducing agents are (hypo) phosphorous acid, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, sulphurous acid, or their salts, dithionites, alkali borohydrides; optionally substd. borazanes, borazenes or borazines; aliphatic aldehydes, particularly HCHO; HCOOH or oxalic acid or their salts, aliphatic or aromatic polyhydroxy cpds., optionally substd. aromatic aminophenols or polyamines, and aliphatic or aromatic sulphinic acids.
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28 Jun 1971
TL;DR: A HEAVY WATER COOLED and MODERATED REACTOR, its NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLIES, ATTACHed PIPINGS and CONTAINER can be decontaminated by EMPLOYing a HEAVy WATER SOLUTION of DEUTERATED OXALIC ACID by means of an Ionizing RADIATION as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A HEAVY WATER COOLED AND MODERATED REACTOR, ITS NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLIES, ATTACHED PIPINGS AND CONTAINER CAN ADVANTAGEOUSLY BE DECONTAMINATED BY EMPLOYING A HEAVY WATER SOLUTION OF DEUTERATED OXALIC ACID. THE RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES, REACTOR MATERIALS, AND/OR NUCLEAR FUELS ELUTED IN THE SOLUTION ARE REMOVED BY DECOMPOSING THE DEUTERATED OXALIC ACID BY MEANS OF AN IONIZING RADIATION.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that α-hydroxy acids by acidic bromine water is similar to the oxalic acid-bromine-water reaction, in both cases HOBr is the oxidant and the undissociated form of...
Abstract: The oxidative pattern of α-hydroxy acids by acidic bromine water is shown to be similar to the oxalic acid – bromine water reaction. In both cases HOBr is the oxidant and the undissociated form of ...
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13 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, Thorium values are separated from rare earth metals when both are contained in an aqueous acidic solution by contacting the annealing solution with a water-immiscible extractant comprising a mixture of (a) a dialkyl orthophosphoric acid, and (b) one or more of a trialkyl phosphate, a dialkyl alkyl alkphosphonate, an alkkyl dialklerphosphinate, and a trikyl phosphine oxide; each alkker group having 4-18
Abstract: 1,219,305. Separating thorium from rare earths. DOW CHEMICAL CO. 21 March, 1968, No. 13741/68. Heading C1A. Thorium values are separated from rare earth metals when both are contained in an aqueous acidic solution by (1) contacting the aqueous solution with a water-immiscible extractant comprising a mixture of (a) a dialkyl orthophosphoric acid, and (b) one or more of a trialkyl phosphate, a dialkyl alkylphosphonate, an alkyl dialkylphosphinate and a trialkyl phosphine oxide; each alkyl group having 4-18 carbon atoms; the molar proportions of (a) and (b) being 3 : 1 to 1 : 3; (2) separating the phases; (3) contacting the organic extract with either 6-12 molar HCl or 0A5-12 molar HNO 3 and (4) separating to produce an organic phase containing the thorium and an aqueous phase containing the rare earth metals. Ferric ion may also be present in the aqueous solution. The extractant may be used directly or in a solvent, for example hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons or ethers. The organic phase may be contacted with 10% HF to precipitate ThF 4 and the rare earth metals may be obtained from the acid medium by partial distillation and adding oxalic acid or NaOH to precipitate the R.E.M. values. The source liquor may be uranium depleted leach liquor, and may contain ferric iron, and the process may be continuous or batchwise, using for example, simple mixing tanks, mixing settlers, direct or counter current flow columns. The examples use di-(2-ethyl hexyl) orthophosphate + tributyl phosphate in kerosene as extractant.
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12 Apr 1971
TL;DR: New BISOXALICID DIAMIDES as discussed by the authors are stabilisers for ORGANIC MATERIALS. They are prepared by reacting to OXALACID MONOAMIDE or CHLORIDE or an ESTER THEREOF with an ALKYLENDIAMINE.
Abstract: NEW BISOXALIC ACID DIAMIDES ARE STABILISERS FOR ORGANIC MATERIALS. THEY ARE PREPARED BY REACTING AN OXALIC ACID MONOAMIDE OR THE CHLORIDE OR AN ESTER THEREOF WITH AN ALKYLENDIAMINE.
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12 Jan 1971TL;DR: In this article, an ACIDIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION of a RARE EARTH OXIDE HOST and a SECOND RARE Earth ACTIVATOR in SELECTED CONCENTRATIONS and at a ParticULAR PH is PREPARED, wherein in the CHLoride SOLUTION is ADDED to an OXALIC ACID SOLUTIONS to COPRECIPITATE UNIFORM PROPORTIONS of the two Rare EARTHs as OXalates, whereIN the SOLUTION IS Stirred at a
Abstract: OPTIMIZED PROCEDURE WHEREIN AN ACIDIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION OF A RARE EARTH OXIDE HOST AND A SECOND RARE EARTH ACTIVATOR IN SELECTED CONCENTRATIONS AND AT A PARTICULAR PH IS PREPARED, WHEREIN IN THE CHLORIDE SOLUTION IS ADDED TO AN OXALIC ACID SOLUTIONS TO COPRECIPITATE UNIFORM PROPORTIONS OF THE TWO RARE EARTHS AS OXALATES, WHEREIN THE SOLUTION IS STIRRED AT A PARTICULAR TEMPERATURE FOR A TIME PERIOD REQUISITE TO PRODUCE A DESIRED PARTICLE FORM, WHEREIN THE PRECIPITATE IS FILERED HOT, IS DRIED AND FINALLY IS CALCINED AT AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE TO PRODUCE HE PHOSPHOR. THE STEP OF ADDING THE CHLORIDE SOLUTION TO THE OXALIC ACID SOLUTION RATHER THAN THE REVERSE IS CRITICAL TO PRODUCE A PHOSPHOR OF HIGHEST BRIGHTNESS EFFICIENCY.
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TL;DR: Both B6–deficient rats and hyperoxaluric patients respond to tyrosine administration by a drop in urinary oxalate, and that hydroxy-proline is a major source seems a probable explanation for changes in oxalic acid excretion with stress.
Abstract: SUMMARY
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B6-deficient rats and calcium oxalate stone-forming patients share several metabolic abnormalities.
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In our experiments, evidence for folic acid deficiency in the stone patients is strong, and some evidence exists in B6–deficient rats as well.
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Susceptibility to overload of the acetyl coenzyme A system is high in both.
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Sources of oxalic acid probably include aromatic amino acid derivatives with a 3 carbon side chain, whose metabolism is blocked by tyrosine, and whose dependence on the acetyl coenzyme A system is shown by the simultaneous drop in oxalate, hippurate, α-ketoglutarate and citric acids. That hydroxy-proline is a major source seems a probable explanation for changes in oxalate excretion with stress.
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Both B6–deficient rats and hyperoxaluric patients respond to tyrosine administration by a drop in urinary oxalate.
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TL;DR: The results obtained suggest that oxalic acid dihydrate can be a simple solid chemical dosimeter, suitable for in-pile monitoring in the dose range 100-1000 Mrad with an accuracy of 10 per cent.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the displacement of the Kα peak of aluminum was calculated by the following equation:Δλ=λ(aluminum metal)-λ(anodic oxide coating of aluminum)
Abstract: In the preceding report, the authors discussed the co-ordination numbers of aluminum and sulfur in anodic oxide coatings of aluminum, which had been prepared from sulfo-salicylic acid or sulfuric acid electrolyte, by fluorescent X-ray method.The results suggested that the aluminum atoms in the anodic oxide coatings consist of both of 4 and 6 ligands.The dispersion in measurements of the co-ordination numbers would be due to the contamination of the test piece with aluminum metal, which had been mixed into the test piece during its folding for preparation.Therefore, this paper reports the results of determination of co-ordination numbers of aluminum atoms in various coatings by means of E.P.M.A, method.The following 8 kinds of electrolytes were used in these experiments:Sulfuric acid (for 2 kinds of test pieces), oxalic acid, chromic acid, sulfo-salicylic acid, p-phenol sulfonic acid, sodium phosphate, and ematal solution.The displacement of the Kα peak of aluminum was calculated by the following equation:Δλ=λ(aluminum metal)-λ(anodic oxide coating of aluminum)The following results were obtained:The co-ordination numbers of aluminum atoms in the anodic oxide coatings prepared from the various electrolytes were considered to be the both of 4 and 6 ligands.The above results quite agreed with those obtained by the fluorescent X-ray method and it was believed that there were no significances among the various kinds of coatings.
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31 Mar 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, a film with excellent electrical insulating properties is produced on the surface of aluminium metals by carrying out anodic oxidation in an electrolyte of sulphuric acid, chromic acid or oxalic acid.
Abstract: A film with excellent electrical insulating properties is produced on the surface of aluminium metals by carrying out anodic oxidation in an electrolyte of sulphuric acid, chromic acid, oxalic acid, etc. in which a porous anodic oxidation film may form, using the metallic aluminium as an anode, making the ratio of cathode surface: anode surface at least 10:1.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a method for ridding molybdenum and tungsten borides of oxides, involving treatment with 2% hydrochloric acid and 1% oxalic acid, respectively, was proposed.
Abstract: 1.
It has been established that molybdenum and tungsten borides oxidize during storage in air and generally contain a significant amount of oxides. A method is proposed for ridding molybdenum and tungsten borides of oxides, involving treatment with 2% hydrochloric acid and 1% oxalic acid, respectively.
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A study was made of the chemical stability of molybdenum and tungsten borides in some acids, mixtures of acids with oxidizing and complexing agents, oxidizing mixtures, and alkaline solutions.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that there is no significant difference in the radiolytic decomposition of the following forms of oxalic acids: dihydrate, anhydrous and freeze-dried.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a preliminary study about the influence of several factors that may affect the molybdenum blue method was performed, such as the absorption of the MBL, oxalic acid, effect of time and pH on the formation of mBL and its reduction, influence of the use of hydrofluoric acid for solubilization of silicates and the reducing solutions.
Abstract: The present work reports a study about the determination of silicon in plant materials, using the method based in the formation of heteropoly blue complex (molybdenum blue method) A preliminary study about the influence of several factors that may affect the method was performed. It was studied the absorption of the molybdenum blue, the influence of oxalic acid, effect of time and pH on the formation of molybdsilicic acid and its reduction, the influence of the use of hydrofluoric acid for solubilization of silicates and the reducing solutions. Based in this preliminary studies, it was proposed a technique for the determination of silicon in plant materials employing the colorimetric method. In the recommended procedures the plant materials ash is treated with a mineral acid (HC1), hydrofluoric acid and excess of boric acid. The reduction of molybdisilicic acid is made using an acid ascorbic solution containing divalent iron. In all procedure it is not necessary the use of platinum or nickel ware. In order to compare the colorimetric (based in the proposed technique) and gravimetric methods, five replications of differents plant materials were analysed by both methods. The data obtained allowed to conclude that the technique proposed is good and the accuracy is satisfactory.
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29 Nov 1971TL;DR: A method of integral color anodizing of ALUMINUM COMPRISING SUBJECTing the ALUM INUM as the ANODE to ELECTROLYSIS in an AQUEOUS ELECTROOLYTE HAVING A PH BETWEEN 0.5 and 2.0 and CONTAINing COMPOUNDS CAPABLE OF COMPLEXING withthe ALUMinUM WHICH DISSOLVES in SOLUTION DURING ANODIZNG as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A METHOD OF INTEGRAL COLOR ANODIZING OF ALUMINUM COMPRISING SUBJECTING THE ALUMINUM AS THE ANODE TO ELECTROLYSIS IN AN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE HAVING A PH BETWEEN 0.5 AND 2.0 AND CONTAINING COMPOUNDS CAPABLE OF COMPLEXING WITHTHE ALUMINUM WHICH DISSOLVES IN SOLUTION DURING ANODIZNG. THE ELECTROLYTE IS PREFERABLY ACIDIFIED WITH SMALL AMOUNTS OF SULFURIC ACID, OXALIC ACID, AND THE LIKE.
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15 Jul 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the neutralization product of an amine and an organic acid is used to buff the Ni plating bath to pH 5-7 with the neutralisation product of a polyvalent amine.
Abstract: Electroplating, partic. Ni plating baths, as in 1,281,217 for Fe-contg. substrates, and contg. an aqs. soln. of a nitrate of Na, K, Ca or NH4, and phenol and/or nitrophenol, are modified by buffering to pH 5-7 with the neutralisation product of an amine and an organic acid, pref. a mono-or polyvalent amine and acetic, citric, lactic or oxalic acid. Pref. Ni plating baths contain 20-200 g/l NH4NO3, 50-400 g/l triethanolamine, 0.1-30 cc/l pnenol, organic acid to set pH to 6-6.8; more pref. 100 g/l NH4NO3, 200 g/l triethanolamine, 5 cc/l phenol and acetic acid. Pref. (nitro)phenol is replaced by another water-soluble hydrocarbon deriv. contg. OH bonded to a benzene ring.
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TL;DR: The C-CI-bond in dichloroacetamide suffers photo-dissociation leading to the formation of glyoxalic acid amide as mentioned in this paper, which in turn undergoes hydrolysis to glyox alic acid and ammonia.
Abstract: Die C-CI-Bindungen des Dichloracetamids unterliegen der Photodissoziation, die zum Glyoxylsaureamid fuhrt, das in Glyoxylsaure und Ammoniak hydrolysiert. Glyoxylsaure disproportioniert in einer Photo-Cannizzaro-Reaktion in Oxalsaure und Glykolsaure.
Photochemistry of Dichloroacetamide
The C-CI-bond in dichloroacetamide suffers photo-dissociation leading to the formation glyoxalic acid amide. This is turn undergoes hydrolysis to glyoxalic acid and ammonia. Glyoxalic acid disproportionates into oxalic acid and glycolic acid through a photo-Cannizzaro-reaction.