Topic
Oxidative stress
About: Oxidative stress is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 86513 publications have been published within this topic receiving 3845790 citations. The topic is also known as: oxydative stress.
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TL;DR: The data suggest that the sequence, 5'-puGTGACNNNGC-3' 3'-pyCACTGNNNCG-5' where N is any nucleotide, represents the core sequence of the ARE required for transcriptional activation by phenolic antioxidants and metabolizable planar aromatic compounds.
1,404 citations
TL;DR: The existing evidence support the view that oxidative stress may play a crucial role in cardiac and vascular abnormalities in different types of cardiovascular diseases and that the antioxidant therapy may prove beneficial in combating these problems.
Abstract: ObjectivesIn view of the critical role of intracellular Ca2+-overload in the genesis of myocyte dysfunction and the ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce the intracellular Ca2+-overload, this article is concerned with analysis of the existing literature with respect to the role of oxida
1,394 citations
TL;DR: The mechanism of action of the natural antioxidant compounds and assays and their reaction mechanisms can help in evaluating the antioxidant activity of various antioxidant compounds as well as in the development of novel antioxidants.
Abstract: The normal biochemical reactions in our body, increased exposure to the environment, and higher levels of dietary xenobiotic's result in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). The ROS and RNS create oxidative stress in different pathophysiological conditions. The reported chemical evidence suggests that dietary antioxidants help in disease prevention. The antioxidant compounds react in one-electron reactions with free radicals in vivo/in vitro and prevent oxidative damage. Therefore, it is very important to understand the reaction mechanism of antioxidants with the free radicals. This review elaborates the mechanism of action of the natural antioxidant compounds and assays for the evaluation of their antioxidant activities. The reaction mechanisms of the antioxidant assays are briefly discussed (165 references). Practical applications: understanding the reaction mechanisms can help in evaluating the antioxidant activity of various antioxidant compounds as well as in the development of novel antioxidants.
1,391 citations
TL;DR: This paper reviews major key points in the generation of reactive oxygen species in bacteria, defense mechanisms and genetic responses to oxidative stress, with special attention to oxidative damage to proteins.
Abstract: The advent of O2 in the atmosphere was among the first major pollution
events occurred on earth. The reaction between ferrous iron, very abundant in the
reductive early atmosphere, and oxygen results in the formation of harmful superoxide
and hydroxyl radicals, which affect all macromolecules (DNA, lipids and proteins).
Living organisms have to build up mechanisms to protect themselves against oxidative
stress, with enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase, small proteins like
thioredoxin and glutaredoxin, and molecules such as glutathione. Bacterial genetic
responses to oxidative stress are controlled by two major transcriptional regulators
(OxyR and SoxRS). This paper reviews major key points in the generation of reactive
oxygen species in bacteria, defense mechanisms and genetic responses to oxidative
stress. Special attention is paid to the oxidative damage to proteins.
1,384 citations
TL;DR: This article focuses on the mechanisms by which antioxidants and xenobiotics induce the gene expression of detoxifying enzymes and small molecules that mimic antioxidant enzymes are becoming new tools for the treatment of many diseases.
1,378 citations