scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Oxidative stress

About: Oxidative stress is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 86513 publications have been published within this topic receiving 3845790 citations. The topic is also known as: oxydative stress.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biology of oxidative stress, including protective and injurious effects that explain the impact of particulate matter-induced oxidative stress in asthma are reviewed, with an emphasis on the pro-oxidative effects of diesel exhaust particles and their chemicals in the respiratory tract.

707 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results demonstrated that as a unique p53 target gene, GLS2 is a mediator of p53’s role in energy metabolism and antioxidant defense, which can contribute to its role in tumor suppression.
Abstract: Whereas cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence are traditionally thought of as the major functions of the tumor suppressor p53, recent studies revealed two unique functions for this protein: p53 regulates cellular energy metabolism and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Here, we identify glutaminase 2 (GLS2) as a previously uncharacterized p53 target gene to mediate these two functions of the p53 protein. GLS2 encodes a mitochondrial glutaminase catalyzing the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate. p53 increases the GLS2 expression under both nonstressed and stressed conditions. GLS2 regulates cellular energy metabolism by increasing production of glutamate and α-ketoglutarate, which in turn results in enhanced mitochondrial respiration and ATP generation. Furthermore, GLS2 regulates antioxidant defense function in cells by increasing reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and decreasing ROS levels, which in turn protects cells from oxidative stress (e.g., H2O2)-induced apoptosis. Consistent with these functions of GLS2, the activation of p53 increases the levels of glutamate and α-ketoglutarate, mitochondrial respiration rate, and GSH levels and decreases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cells. Furthermore, GLS2 expression is lost or greatly decreased in hepatocellular carcinomas and the overexpression of GLS2 greatly reduced tumor cell colony formation. These results demonstrated that as a unique p53 target gene, GLS2 is a mediator of p53’s role in energy metabolism and antioxidant defense, which can contribute to its role in tumor suppression.

707 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To optimize performance, oxidative stress in high producing cows must be controlled by supplying all known antioxidant nutrients and by minimizing effects of substances that stimulate reactive oxygen metabolites.

706 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes findings for the ERK, JNK, p38, and BMK1 pathways to provide the reader with an overall understanding and appreciation of oxidative stress-induced MAPK signaling.
Abstract: An abundance of scientific literature exists demonstrating that oxidative stress influences the MAPK signaling pathways. This review summarizes these findings for the ERK, JNK, p38, and BMK1 pathways. For each of these different MAPK signaling pathways, the following is reviewed: the proteins involved in the signaling pathways, how oxidative stress can activate cellular signaling via these pathways, the types of oxidative stress that are known to induce activation of the different pathways, and the specific cell types in which oxidants induce MAPK responses. In addition, the functional outcome of oxidative stress-induced activation of these pathways is discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with an overall understanding and appreciation of oxidative stress-induced MAPK signaling.

705 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Metal chelation, based on the application of selective metal chelators or metal delivery, may induce neuroprotective signaling and represents a promising therapeutic strategy in cancer and AD.

705 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Apoptosis
115.4K papers, 4.8M citations
91% related
Inflammation
76.4K papers, 4M citations
89% related
Protein kinase A
68.4K papers, 3.9M citations
86% related
Signal transduction
122.6K papers, 8.2M citations
86% related
Gene expression
113.3K papers, 5.5M citations
86% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20242
20238,839
202217,614
20216,457
20206,203
20195,669