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Oxygen

About: Oxygen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 48149 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1113788 citations. The topic is also known as: O & Oxygen.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Calorimetric and respirometric studies of cultured cells show that both neoplastic and non-neoplastic cell types maintain an anaerobic contribution to their total heat flux, and this can be explained quantitatively by lactate production observed under fully aerobic conditions.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The flux of iron is found to exceed both the oxygen and the sulfide fluxes, which implies that dissolved iron was fairly abundant and that oxygen and sulfide were rare in the atmosphere and ocean.

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, low energy electron diffraction (LEED) has been used to study the effects of atomic and molecular species of hydrogen and oxygen on the reconstructed C(100)•(2×1) surface.
Abstract: Low energy electron diffraction (LEED) has been used to study the effects of atomic and molecular species of hydrogen and oxygen on the reconstructed C(100)‐(2×1) surface. Thermal desorption spectroscopy was also used to study desorption products and kinetics from hydrogenated and oxygenated surfaces. Atomic hydrogen appears relatively inefficient at breaking C–C dimer bonds on the (100)‐(2×1) surface. Atomic oxygen, in contrast, readily converts the surface from the 2×1 state to the 1×1 state. This process is reversible for a limited number of cycles before degradation of the surface obscures the 2×1 LEED pattern. Oxygen is thought to adsorb in one of two configurations, bridging carbon atoms on the surface, or double bonded to a single carbon atom on the surface. Thermal desorption of molecular hydrogen from hydrogenated C(100)‐(2×1):H surfaces occurs at approximately 900 °C for a heating rate of 20 °C/s. Molecular hydrogen is the major desorption product and the desorption temperature appears to be cov...

177 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, photoemission techniques with synchrotron radiation were used to study the adsorption of oxygen on the Si(111)•(7×7) and Si(100)−(2×1) surfaces at room temperature in the submonolayer and monolayer regimes.
Abstract: We have used photoemission techniques with synchrotron radiation to study the adsorption of oxygen on the Si(111)‐(7×7) and Si(100)‐(2×1) surfaces at room temperature in the submonolayer and monolayer regimes. High resolution Si 2p core‐level spectra, valence‐band spectra, work‐function, and Fermi‐level pinning positions have been measured for exposures between 1 and 1000 L and after annealing at 700 °C. Four oxidation states have been detected for the silicon surface atoms with Si 2p core‐level shifts of 0.9, 1.9, 2.6, and 3.4 eV which are assigned to silicon atoms bonded to 1, 2, 3, and 4 oxygen atoms. Both (111) and (100) surfaces are characterized by about the same sticking coefficient, a simple adsorption process for 1‐L exposures, the quenching of the surface states after 15 L and a saturation of the amount of oxygen after 100 L. Significant differences exist in the initial bonding geometries for the (111) and (100) surfaces. After 15‐L exposure, oxygen atoms are incorporated below the Si (111)‐(7×7...

176 citations


Network Information
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20233,516
20226,670
20211,229
20201,164
20191,190
20181,153