Topic
Oxygen
About: Oxygen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 48149 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1113788 citations. The topic is also known as: O & Oxygen.
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20 Feb 2003TL;DR: In this article, the authors present methods and systems for supplying supplemental oxygen to patients for use in sub-acute care which maintains healthy blood oxygen content in the patients by controlled dosing of oxygen with a measured response to the patient's actual oxygen content.
Abstract: Methods and systems for supplying supplemental oxygen to patients for use in sub-acute care which maintains healthy blood oxygen content in the patients by controlled dosing of oxygen with a measured response to the patient's actual blood oxygen content are disclosed. The dosing can be provided by simple ON/OFF control over the delivery of oxygen or the amount of oxygen delivered to the patient with each inhalation can be varied in response to the patient's need as determined by a more sophisticated control scheme, such as a PID loop control algorithm, that utilizes the difference between the patient's actual blood oxygen content and a target blood oxygen content and/or trends in the blood oxygen content. The systems and methods are particularly directed at patients receiving supplemental oxygen in a sub-acute care environment.
443 citations
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TL;DR: Clues from ancient rocks are helping to produce a coherent picture of how Earth's atmosphere changed from one that was almost devoid of oxygen to one that is one-fifth oxygen.
Abstract: Clues from ancient rocks are helping to produce a coherent picture of how Earth's atmosphere changed from one that was almost devoid of oxygen to one that is one-fifth oxygen.
442 citations
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TL;DR: Hydrogen peroxide was electro-generated in a parallel-plate electrolyzer by reduction of dissolved oxygen in acidic solutions containing dilute supporting electrolyte to improve the Faradic current efficiency of H2O2 generation.
436 citations
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TL;DR: The most optimal catalyst for oxygen reduction has an ΔE(OH) ≈ 0.1 eV weaker than that of pure Pt, validating earlier theoretical predictions.
Abstract: To enable the development of low temperature fuel cells, significant improvements are required to the efficiency of the Pt electrocatalysts at the cathode, where oxygen reduction takes place. Herein, we study the effect of subsurface solute metals on the reactivity of Pt, using a Cu/Pt(111) near-surface alloy. Our investigations incorporate electrochemical measurements, ultrahigh vacuum experiments, and density functional theory. Changes to the OH binding energy, ΔEOH, were monitored in situ and adjusted continuously through the subsurface Cu coverage. The incorporation of submonolayer quantities of Cu into Pt(111) resulted in an 8-fold improvement in oxygen reduction activity. The most optimal catalyst for oxygen reduction has an ΔEOH ≈ 0.1 eV weaker than that of pure Pt, validating earlier theoretical predictions.
433 citations