Page layout

About: Page layout is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2266 publications have been published within this topic receiving 23261 citations.

Voting-Based Document Image Skew Detection

Abstract: Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is an indispensable tool for technology users nowadays, as our natural language is presented through text. We live under the need of having information at hand in every circumstance and, at the same time, having machines understand visual content and thus enable the user to be able to search through large quantities of text. To detect textual information and page layout in an image page, the latter must be properly oriented. This is the problem of the so-called document deskew, i.e., finding the skew angle and rotating by its opposite. This paper presents an original approach which combines various algorithms that solve the skew detection problem, with the purpose of always having at least one to compensate for the others’ shortcomings, so that any type of input document can be processed with good precision and solid confidence in the output result. The tests performed proved that the proposed solution is very robust and accurate, thus being suitable for large scale digitization projects.

Design follows politics? The visualization of political orientation in newspaper page layout:

Abstract: This article explores how the political orientation of newspapers is reflected in their page layout. The authors compare the layouts of five German national quality newspapers exemplarily and exploratively in a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses. Dimensions of comparison are typography, size, colouration, quantity and arrangement of elements. Results show systematic differences between the page layouts of left-wing and right-wing newspapers. These differences are reflected in the contrast of traditional and contemporary styles and also in the use of ideologically charged typography and colours. In addition, the size of headlines seems to be dependent on political extremity. Graphic design seems to work as an ideological symbol system with different layout styles quite consistently representing partisan positions. If media users could come to learn and recognize such visual patterns, layout could function as a visual frame for political messages.

CMOS IC Layout: Concepts, Methodologies, and Tools with Cdrom

Abstract: From the Publisher: CMOS IC Layout: Concepts, Methodologies, and Tools is designed to train technicians and circuit designers on the practical layout of CMOS ICs. Currently companies that specialize in IC development and production, like Motorola, AMD, Intel, etc., have trouble hiring circuit designers without a tremendous investment in training, or else paying top dollar for experienced designers. CMOS IC Layout will solve these problems by bridging the gap between theory and application. This book includes basic methodologies, review of basic electrical rules and how they apply, design rules, IC planning, detailed checklists for design review, specific layout design flows, specialized block design, interconnect design, and also additional information on design limitations due to production requirements.

SimiLay: A Developing Web Page Layout Based Visual Similarity Search Engine

Abstract: Web page visual similarity has been a trend topic in last decade. Furthermore, effective methods and approaches are crucial for phishing detection and related issues. In this study, we aim to develop a search engine for web page visual similarity and propose a novel method for capturing and calculating layout similarity of web pages. To achieve this, web page elements are classified and mapped with a novel technique. Furthermore, an extension of well known bag of features approach named spatial pyramid match has been employed via histogram intersection schema for capturing and measuring the partial and whole page layout similarity. Promising results demonstrate that spatial pyramid matching kernel can be used for this field.

Model-based Multi-Attribute Collaborative Production Cell Layout Optimization

Abstract: Designing the layout of a work cell remains a challenging problem due to the large search space of possible layouts which is often subjected to a variety of optimization objectives. This paper proposes a model-based methodology to aid the layout design of a collaborative work cell. This model takes into account feasibility, reachability, safety and ergonomics as constraints in the layout optimization formulation. Determining reachability and static placement feasibility is accomplished using 3D Computer Aided Design (CAD) files as inputs combined with inverse kinematics. Geometric characteristics, like bounding boxes, and assembly requirements are determined from the 3D CAD files and used in the layout optimization. Inverse kinematics is used to calculate the reach of the robots and to reliably estimate ergonomic workload of an operator in the work cell. The optimized layout of the work cell is visualized for every start and end point of an assembly task, which allows to provide task instructions to operators and could potentially be used to program the robots and cobots. The methodology is validated on a practical use case.