Parasitic capacitance

About: Parasitic capacitance is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10029 publications have been published within this topic receiving 110331 citations.

Proximity responsive capacitance sensitive method, system, and associated electrical circuitry for use in controlling mechanical and electro-mechanical equipment

Abstract: A method and system and associated circuitry for controlling and stopping the motion of dangerous moving parts such as power saw blades substantially instantaneously in response to body or human capacitance produced by an operator coming with a predetermined critical distance from the moving part. This method includes, and this system provides for, among other things, connecting an antenna to the moving part and then coupling a tunable circuit to the antenna so that the antenna provides a variable lumped capacitance parameter (dependent upon human body capacitance) within the tunable circuit. This lumped capacitance parameter is variable in response to body or human capacitance produced when an operator comes within a predetermined critical proximity to the moving part. This variation in lumped capacitance serves to tune the circuit at or near a point of resonance to thereby enable an RF signal to pass through the tunable circuit at a detectable level which is subsequently processed to activate safety equipment for controlling and stopping the motion of the moving part substantially instantaneously. This invention is also adaptable for use with non-dangerous mechanical apparatus such as automatic door openers, automatic robot equipment, and capacitance-sensitive lighting appliances, and the like. It is also adaptable for use on automobile safety equipment, such as the proximity sensing of persons approaching an automobile out of the normal line-of-sight vision angles of the driver.

Surface micromachined solenoid inductors for high frequency applications

Abstract: As operation frequencies and performance requirements of wireless devices increase, the resultant demands on the performance of passive components also increase. Miniaturization of inductive components for high frequency has been a key research area to address this issue; however, in general, miniaturized integrated inductors can suffer from low Q factors and/or self-resonant frequencies when compared to their discrete counterparts. The most popular geometries for integrated inductors have been meander types or spiral types, whereas most macro scale inductors are solenoid types. In this research, a modified geometry of a solenoid type inductor using a surface micromachining technique is proposed. This inductor has an air core for high frequency operation and an electroplated copper coil to reduce the series resistance. An important feature of the proposed inductor geometry is the introduction of an air gap between the substrate and the conductor coil in order to reduce the effects of the substrate dielectric constant. This air gap can be realized using a polyimide sacrificial layer and a surface micromachining technique. Therefore, the resulting inductor can have less substrate-dependent magnetic properties, less stray capacitance, and higher Q-factor. A preliminary measurement result shows that this inductor has high Q-factor and stable inductance over a wide range of operating frequency.

Printed circuit board having an integrated decoupling capacitive element

Abstract: A printed circuit board is disclosed which includes a high capacitance power distribution core, the manufacture of which is compatible with standard printed circuit board assembly technology. The high capacitance core consists of a ground plane and a power plane separated by a planar element having a high dielectric constant. The high dielectric constant material is typically glass fiber impregnated with a bonding material, such as epoxy resin loaded with a ferro-electric ceramic substance having a high dielectric constant. The ferro-electric ceramic substance is typically a nanopowder combined with an epoxy bonding material. The resulting capacitance of the power distribution core is typically sufficient to totally eliminate the need for decoupling capacitors on a typical printed circuit board.

A physical, yet simple, small-signal equivalent circuit for the heterojunction bipolar transistor

Abstract: A physical, yet simple, small-signal equivalent circuit for the heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) is proposed. This circuit was established by analyzing in detail the physical operation of the HBT. The model verification was carried out by comparison of the measured and simulated S- and Z-parameters for both passive (reverse-biased) and active bias conditions. A feature of this model is that it uses a direct extraction method to determine the parasitic elements, in particular, the parasitic capacitances. The excellent agreement between the measured and simulated parameters was verified all over the frequency range from 0.25 to 75 GHz.

Printed circuit board (PCB) including channeled capacitive plane structure

Abstract: Electrical potentials and very high frequency (VHF) currents in a circuit board are controlled by patterning the power plane of a multiple layered, capacitive plane printed circuit board in selected geometric patterns. The selected geometric patterns, both simple and complex, control voltages and currents by channeling the capacitance capacity for usage directed to a particular integrated circuit or circuits, isolated to a particular integrated circuit or circuits, or shared between integrated circuits. Accordingly, the capacitive planes including the geometrically patterned power plane are channeled capacitive planes (CCP) that are formed on multiple layers of a single printed circuit board to support flexible, three-dimensional control of VHF electrical currents.