Partial discharge

About: Partial discharge is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13997 publications have been published within this topic receiving 102058 citations. The topic is also known as: PD.

Calibrating the UHF technique of partial discharge detection using a PD simulator

Abstract: The paper describes a technique for simulating the presence of partial discharges in gas-insulated substation (GIS) equipment. The technique employs a pulse generator to inject current pulses through a suitable protrusion. The current pulses have similar temporal characteristics to those produced by an actual discharge event, with the added advantage that their magnitudes can be controlled accurately. Because the pulses are highly reproducible, they are ideally suited for investigating the UHF technique of partial discharge detection. The paper discusses the relationship between the magnitude of the UHF signal received by a coupler and the discharge magnitude. It also shows that the coupler signal is dependent on the protrusion length and on the spatial relationship between the protrusion and the coupler. The implications for practical discharge measurements in GIS also are discussed. >

Feature extraction and severity assessment of partial discharge under protrusion defect based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation

Abstract: Partial discharge (PD) is an early manifestation of insulation fault that occurs in electrical equipment, which holds rich feature information used to insulation assessment. In this study, step voltage method was applied to investigate the PD development process of typical protrusion defects in gas-insulated switchgear. Nine features were extracted to represent the deterioration degree of internal insulation. Fuzzy C means clustering was applied to solve the state centres. PD severity was divided into four states based on the PD developing process, and the harmfulness of each state was illustrated. Finally, adaptive objective weight technology based on the theory of maximising deviation was adopted, and two-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (TL-FCE) model was established to address the problem of the weight allocation of different features on the evaluation result. The experimental test has been conducted to test the validity and effectiveness of the model. It is proved that TL-FCE owns good performance to assess PD severity, and it is more suitable to handle fuzzy boundary problems than support vector machine.

A Novel Approach for Partial Discharge Measurements on GIS Using HFCT Sensors.

Abstract: This paper presents a novel measuring system for partial discharge (PD) measurements in Gas Insulated Systems (GIS) using high frequency current transformers (HFCT). The system is based on the measurement of the induced PD currents in the GIS enclosure. In opposition to the existing antenna technologies that measure the radiated energy in the very high frequency/ultra-high frequency (VHF/UHF) range, the proposed system measures the PD conducted currents in the high frequency (HF) range and below. The foundation of the measurements together with a detailed explanation of the sensor installed conveniently at the bolts of the GIS spacer are presented. An experimental study on the current distribution in the GIS enclosure is described to evaluate the impact of the sensor on the measurements. Laboratory experiments have been performed that show the suitability of this method to properly measure particle discharges caused by corona, surface and free moving particle discharges in SF₆. Discharges in the range of 1 to 4 pC have been properly measured. An analysis to evaluate the performance of the method is shown, in comparison to VHF/UHF antenna measurements. The potential benefits of this novel technique rely on the small attenuation of PD signals in the GIS components in the HF range and sample rate reductions. Finally, a discussion on the potential applicability of present cluster and charge calculation techniques to the proposed PD GIS measurement using HFCT is presented.

Partial Discharge Behavior and Accelerated Aging Upon Repetitive DC Cable Energization and Voltage Supply Polarity Inversion

Abstract: DC cables are supposed to withstand a number of operations involving supply-voltage peak-value time variations, such as energization, switch off and polarity inversion. It is known that voltage-supply time variations cause electric field transients in cable insulation that can last for a long time before steady-state conditions are achieved, and during this time the electric field distribution is not only driven by electrical conductivity, as in steady state, but also by permittivity, as in AC. This paper shows that highly energetic degradation phenomena, that is, partial discharges, PD, can occur during voltage transients that a DC cable has to withstand during life. This results in a cumulative damage which can cause premature insulation breakdown, at times well shorter than those expected based on a cable design which is PD free under steady-state conditions. Quantification of the damage caused by PD, based on aging and residual life models, is proposed in the paper, and it is shown that damage can be significant enough to pose a threat for cable life when operation transient rate is e.g., a few per day, and that the faster the slew rate of the supply voltage variation, the highest the cumulative damage due to PD.

Partial discharge-induced degradation characteristics of insulating structure constituting oil-immersed power transformers

Abstract: The soundness of an oil-immersed power transformer under an operating voltage is evaluated in partial discharge (PD) test of long-duration ac withstand voltage test. The acceptance criterion for this PD test is 500 pC according to IEC standard; however, only insufficient basic data backing this criterion are available. In addition, the harmful level of the insulation performance has not necessarily been perceived in such a manner as the present one, for example, only the insulation breakdown, instead of the insulation performance degradation, has been assumed to be harmful. In light of the consideration presently paid, it is necessary to determine the PD level that causes the insulation performance to be degraded in order to confirm the soundness by the test using an actual transformer. As the initial step of the study for this purpose, the previous paper investigated the PD and the insulation damage level using oil-impregnated press-boards (PBs) used in the transformer, at which PD is more likely to occur when ac voltage is applied than at any other parts, and evaluated the harmful PD level for insulating materials themselves. To investigate the harmful PD level for the actual transformer, this paper studied the harmful PD level that decreases the residual lightning impulse (LI) withstand voltage using the main insulation model, which is the insulating structure constituting the oil-immersed power transformer. As a result, black discoloration occurred on the surface of the PB and the residual LI withstand voltage also tended to decline when exposed to ac PD of 20,000 pC or more. On the other hand, when it had been exposed to ac PD of 10,000 pC, no visible damage was observed and there was no drop in the residual LI withstand voltage either. Consequently, the harmful ac PD level for the oil-immersed transformer can be determined at between 10,000 pC and 20,000 pC. This result coincided with that for insulating materials themselves, hence it was revealed that the harmful PD level be set to 10,000 pC on a conservative side.