Showing papers on "Partial oxidation published in 1976"

Process for the preparation of a supported silver catalyst

Abstract: A supported silver catalyst, having particular utility in the production of ethylene oxide by the controlled, vapor phase, partial oxidation of ethylene employing molecular oxygen as the oxidant, is prepared by impregnation procedures. After impregnation, the catalyst is activated by thermal pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere and, subsequently, an alkali metal promoter, preferably a potassium, rubidium, and/or cesium salt is added to enhance catalyst performance.

Hydrocarbon conversion process

Abstract: Production of ethylene is disclosed by a route which involves hydrocracking of a C 3 or higher feedstock, e.g. a gas oil, followed by ethane pyrolysis. The feedstock/hydrogen ratio is chosen to favor C 2 production (mainly ethane but also a small proportion of ethylene) in the hydrogenation zone and the reaction is prevented from self-quenching by supplying to the hydrocracking reaction zone hot combustion gases produced by at least partial oxidation of a fuel.

Synthesis gas from gaseous CO{HD 2{B -solid carbonaceous fuel feeds

Abstract: This is an improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas or fuel gas from gaseous CO2-solid carbonaceous fuel feeds. A solid carbonaceous fuel such as finely ground coal from a pressurized lock hopper is passed directly into a high pressure high velocity CO2-rich gas stream which carries the particles of coal into a free-flow noncatalytic gas generator where by the partial oxidation reaction with a free-oxygen containing gas, preferably in the absence of supplemental H2O other than that normally present in the reactants, gaseous mixtures principally comprising H2, CO, CO2, and H2O are produced. A CO2-rich gas stream is recovered downstream in the process and recycled to the pressurized feed system. The CO2-rich stream serves as a carrier for the carbonaceous fuel and as a reactant in the reaction zone.

Preparation and Catalytic Properties of Supported Metal or Metal-Oxide on Inorganic Oxide Aerogels

Abstract: Summary Many pure and multicomponent inorganic aerogels have been prepared using the autoclave method which has been recently largely developed in this laboratory. The first step of the process consists in the preparation of a mixed alcogel (in the case of a nickel oxide-alumina aerogel for example). Organic derivatives of aluminium and nickel, both dissolved in methanol, are coprecipitated as alcogels by addition of water. In the second step the solvent is evacuated under hypercritical conditions in an autoclave, in order to avoid the collapse of the texture. If the autoclave is then flushed out by hydrogen instead of nitrogen, metallic nickel-on alumina aerogel is directly obtained, rather than nickel oxide-on alumina aerogel. This procedure gives solids with a large pore volume and high surface areas. These aerogels are amorphous provided some conditions during hydrolysis are satisfied and in particular the proportion of water and the pH. The NiO-Al 2 O 3 aerogels exhibit good catalytic activities and selectivities in the partial oxidation of olefins (isobutylene). When a nickel oxide on silica-alumina aerogel, prepared by the autoclave process, is used as a catalyst for the partial oxidation of an olefin (isobutylene), dimerization of this reactant occurs showing in this case the effect of the silica-alumina aerogel support, whereas in the case of NiO-alumina aerogel partial oxidation without dimerization of the olefin is recorded. Metal on oxide aerogels are good hydrogenation-dehydrogenation catalysts. Thus, nickel on alumina aerogel is very selective in the hydrogenolysis of ethylbenzene into benzene, whereas copper on alumina aerogel gives 100% selectivity in the hydrogenation of cyclopentadiene into cyclopentene. Nickel on alumina aerogel provides also a good mean of testing the hydrogen spillover phenomena in an olefin hydrogenation catalyzed reaction. Infra-red investigations of the spilt-over hydrogen species show that this species is linked to the alumina as a surface OH group. Another kind of multicomponent catalyst which can be prepared by the autoclave process is a nickel on molybdenum oxide aerogel. Pure molybdenum oxide aerogel shows a very good electrical conductivity so it may be expected that Ni dispersed on MoO 2 aerogel may be used as a fuel cell electrode component. The effect of the amount of Ni on the textural and electrical properties of the Ni-MoO 2 aerogel is described.

Influence of ammonia on propylene oxidation on tin-antimony and bismuth-antimony catalysts

Abstract: The influence of ammonia on the direction of the oxidative transformations of propylene has been studied. Ammonia has been shown to block the surface oxygen of antimony catalysts. As a result, an increase in the selectivity with respect to the products of partial oxidation is observed.

Process of forming catalytic surfaces for wet oxidation reactions

Abstract: A wet oxidation process for oxidizing waste materials comprising dissolving a ruthenium salt in a reactant feed stream containing the waste materials, introducing the feed stream into a reactor, heating the reactor contents to an elevated temperature to effect deposition of a catalytic surface of ruthenium black on the interior walls of the reactor and maintaining the feed stream in the reactor for a period of time sufficient to effect at least partial oxidation of the waste materials.

Hot effluent from partial oxidation of natural gas injected in oil recovery process

Abstract: Natural gas is subjected to partial oxidation with the hot effluent from the oxidation injected into an underground formation to provide hot contact fluid, solvent liquids, and drive force for recovering oil from the formation. In one embodiment liquid product, including methanol, is recovered from the hot oxidation effluent before injection of the effluent into the underground formation.

Gasification of solid carbonaceous fuels - slurried in liquid carbon dioxide, by continuous partial oxidation

Abstract: Synthesis or fuel gas mixts. (constituents CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4, H2S, COS, N2, A) are produced by (a) mixing liquid CO2 and a solid particulate carbonaceous fuel at between -69 and +80 degrees F and at a pressure between above the triple point pressure of the CO2 and 1000 psig to produce an H2O-free slurry, (b) introducing the slurry at between-69 and + 1200 degrees F and at 76-4500 psia simultaneously with an O2-contg. (>21 mole % O2) gas at 80-500 degrees F and 76-4500 psia into a free-flow noncatalytic gas generator and (c) carrying out partial oxidation of the mixt. at an autogenous temp. of 1200-3000 degrees F and 30-4400 psia. The liquid CO2 serves both as slurrying agent and temp. moderator. The process utilises low cost high-sulphur solid fuel feeds, reduces heat load and consequently oxygen requirements of the gas generator, eliminates heat exchanger fouling, avoids excessive duty and temp. degradation of recoverable heat when using a waste heat boiler, and reduces single-pass carbon waste.

Staged heating by oxidation of carbonaceous material

Abstract: A carbonaceous material is pyrolyzed in the presence of a particulate source of heat obtained by the partial oxidation of a carbon containing solid residue of the carbonaceous material The heat obtained from the oxidation of the carbon containing solid residue is maximized by preheating the carbon containing solid residue with a hot gas stream obtained by oxidizing the gaseous combustion products of the carbon containing solid residue

Electrochemical syntheses. Part VII. Isomer distribution in the partial oxidation of n-alkanes

Abstract: The electrochemical oxidation of alkanes in weak acidic solution (CH2Cl2–CF3·CO2H) was investigated. The non-statistical isomer distribution of n-decane oxidation products seems to parallel slight differences in the reactivity of the CH2 groups. A mechanism involving free carbocations is suggested.

Internal combustion engine having fuel modifier

Abstract: PURPOSE: To modify only the evaporating component of fuel in a fuel modifier for obtaining modified gas by utilizing partial oxidation reaction. COPYRIGHT: (C)1977,JPO&Japio

Method to separate and recover heavy metals in carbon

Abstract: PURPOSE:To separate and recover heavy metals, Ni, V, Fe and the like, at a high extraction rate, from impure carbon containing these heavy metals which are by-products obtained in the pyrolysis (partial oxidation) of hydrocarbon.

Synthesis gas from solid carbonaceous fuel. [by continuous partial oxidation process in presence of liquid CO/sub 2/]

Abstract: This is an improved continuous partial oxidation process for producing synthesis gas or fuel gas from a solid carbonaceous fuel. Liquid CO/sub 2/ and a ground solid carbonaceous fuel such as coal are mixed together to produce a pumpable slurry feed. The CO/sub 2/ serves as a carrier for the carbonaceous fuel and as a temperature moderator, and is preferably obtained by purifying the product gas.

The Preparation of Mnox on Gamma−Alumina Acceptors for Waste Gas Desulphurization

Abstract: Summary Deposition precipitation can be used to produce stable and reactive MnO x /γ − Al 2 O 3 acceptors for waste gas desulphurization Good dispersion and adhesion of the active material and excellent thermal stability are obtained The method of preparation, comprising thermal hydrolysis of urea and partial oxidation of Mn 2+ by traces of oxygen in the presence of carrier particles suspended in an aqueous medium, is discussed