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Particle horizon
About: Particle horizon is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2096 publications have been published within this topic receiving 69137 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the thermodynamic properties of the universe with dark energy and showed that in a universe with spacial curvature, the natural choice for IR cutoff could be the apparent horizon radius.
Abstract: We have investigated the thermodynamical properties of the universe with dark energy. It is demonstrated that in a universe with spacial curvature the natural choice for IR cutoff could be the apparent horizon radius. We shown that any interaction of pressureless dark matter with holographic dark energy, whose infrared cutoff is set by the apparent horizon radius, implying a constant effective equation of state of dark component in a universe. In addition we found that for the static observer in space, the comoving distance has a faster expansion than the apparent horizon radius with any spatial curvature. We also verify that in some conditions the modified first law of thermodynamics could return to the classic form at apparent horizon for a universe filled with dark energy and dark matter. Besides, the generalized second law of thermodynamics is discussed in a region enclosed by the apparent horizon.
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: The hot big bang model does not account for the high degree of isotropy and homogeneity of the universe in the large, nor of the existence of structure (galaxies, clusters) on smaller scales as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The “standard” hot big bang model accounts for the expansion of the Universe, the existence of the microwave background radiation, and the mass fraction of the light elements up to 4He. It does not account for the high degree of isotropy and homogeneity of the Universe in the large, nor of the existence of structure (galaxies, clusters) on smaller scales. Other problems, such as the lepton to baryon ratio, the preponderance of matter over antimatter, and the “coincidences” of dimensionless ratios of several fundamental physical and cosmological “constants” also lie outside of the “standard” model at present.
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the universe itself is a black hole, and then they calculate the age of the universe, based on the Big Bang model, and show that this model is not correct.
Abstract: According to the big bang model, the universe was created from an initial big bang. Since the big bang, the universe is expanding and reaches its current size. In this article, we show that universe itself is a black hole. Then we calculate the age of the universe.
28 Oct 2002
TL;DR: In this paper, the Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory of radiation of the symmetric combination of retarded and advanced potentials, originally developed in a static universe model, is applied to asymptotic boundary conditions for an action-at-a-distance electro dynamic framework of a quasi-Steady State Universe; which as discussed is in opposition to the broad class of Bigbang cosmologies.
Abstract: The Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory of radiation of the symmetric combination of retarded and advanced potentials, originally developed in a static universe model, is applied to asymptotic boundary conditions for an action-at-a-distance electro dynamic framework of a Quasi-Steady State Universe; which as discussed is in opposition to the broad class of Bigbang cosmologies.
01 Aug 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the history of these relic neutrinos as the universe expanded is described. But their typical velocity is only a few hundred km/s and their spectra are affected by gravitational forces.
Abstract: The Universe contains several billion neutrinos for each nucleon. In this paper, we follow the history of these relic neutrinos as the Universe expanded. At present, their typical velocity is a few hundred km/s and, therefore, their spectra are affected by gravitational forces. This may have led to a phenomenon that could explain two of todays great mysteries: The large-scale structure of the Universe and the increasing rate at which it expands.