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Particle
About: Particle is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 96582 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1954327 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the formation rate of 3-nm particles is often in the range 0.01-10 cm −3 s −1 in the boundary layer in urban areas and in coastal areas and industrial plumes.
2,028 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore four possible explanations for the anomalous thermal conductivity of nanofluids: Brownian motion of the particles, molecular-level layering of the liquid at the liquid/particle interface, the nature of heat transport in the nanoparticles, and the effects of nanoparticle clustering.
2,008 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the atomic force microscope to measure the forces between a planar surface and an individual colloid particle, a silica sphere of radius 3.5 µm, attached to the force sensor in the microscope and measured in solutions of sodium chloride.
Abstract: THE forces between colloidal particles dominate the behaviour of a great variety of materials, including paints, paper, soil, clays and (in some circumstances) cells. Here we describe the use of the atomic force microscope to measure directly the force between a planar surface and an individual colloid particle. The particle, a silica sphere of radius 3.5 µm, was attached to the force sensor in the microscope and the force between the particle and the surface was measured in solutions of sodium chloride. The measurements are consistent with the double-layer theory1,2 of colloidal forces, although at very short distances there are deviations that may be attributed to hydration forces3–6 or surface roughness, and with previous studies on macroscopic systems4–6. Similar measurements should be possible for a wide range of the particulate and fibrous materials that are often encountered in industrial contexts, provided that they can be attached to the microscope probe.
1,900 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed study of the phase diagram of suspensions of colloidal spheres which interact through a steep repulsive potential is presented. But it is not a detailed analysis of the colloidal glass phase.
Abstract: Suspensions of spherical colloidal particles in a liquid show a fascinating variety of phase behaviour which can mimic that of simple atomic liquids and solids. ‘Colloidal fluids’1–4, in which there are significant short-range correlations between the positions of neighbouring particles, and ‘colloidal crystals’5–7, which have long-range spatial order, have been investigated extensively. We report here a detailed study of the phase diagram of suspensions of colloidal spheres which interact through a steep repulsive potential. With increasing particle concentration we observed a progression from colloidal fluid, to fluid and crystal phases in coexistence, to fully crystallized samples. At the highest concentrations we obtained very viscous samples in which full crystallization had not occurred after several months and in which the particles appeared to be arranged as an amorphous ‘colloidal glass’. The empirical phase diagram can be reproduced reasonably well by an effective hard-sphere model. The observation of the colloidal glass phase is interesting both in itself and because of possible relevance to the manufacture of high-strength ceramics8.
1,881 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this paper, Ozaki et al. describe the dynamics of adsorption and Oxidation of organic Molecules on Illuminated Titanium Dioxide Particles Immersed in Water.
Abstract: 1: Magnetic Particles: Preparation, Properties and Applications: M. Ozaki. 2: Maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3): A Versatile Magnetic Colloidal Material C.J. Serna, M.P. Morales. 3: Dynamics of Adsorption and Oxidation of Organic Molecules on Illuminated Titanium Dioxide Particles Immersed in Water M.A. Blesa, R.J. Candal, S.A. Bilmes. 4: Colloidal Aggregation in Two-Dimensions A. Moncho-Jorda, F. Martinez-Lopez, M.A. Cabrerizo-Vilchez, R. Hidalgo Alvarez, M. Quesada-PMerez. 5: Kinetics of Particle and Protein Adsorption Z. Adamczyk.
1,870 citations