Topic
Particulates
About: Particulates is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 15137 publications have been published within this topic receiving 350400 citations. The topic is also known as: atmospheric particulate matter & APM.
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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this article, an index, linking fuel composition with Particulate Matter (PM) emissions (PN index) has been developed and evaluated with model fuels in a single cylinder, optical access, Spray Guided Direct Injection (SGDI) engine.
Abstract: An index, linking fuel composition with Particulate Matter (PM) emissions (PN index) has been developed and here is evaluated with model fuels in a single cylinder, optical access, Spray Guided Direct Injection (SGDI) engine. Imaging of in-cylinder evaporation shows the composition of model fuels affects their PM emissions. Emissions are evaluated from two fuels representing the EU5 reference-fuel specification, developed using the PN index to give a difference in PM emissions, showing a 40% variation. The index is investigated in a Jaguar V6 engine with five different fuels over a simulated NEDC. The results show the index trends are followed.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, phase distribution and decay rates of ETS components were determined for an experimental room, and the phase distribution of solanesol and protonated nicotine were analyzed.
Abstract: Phase distribution and decay rates of ETS components were determined for an experimental room. Solanesol and protonated nicotine behave like particulate matter (UV‐PM). Free nicotine evaporates from the particulate phase during the 5 minute sampling time and decays rapidly from the gaseous phase. Neophytadiene leaves the particulate phase faster than predicted by deposition. Limonene, 3‐ethenylpyridine, and naphthalene are present only in the gaseous phase and have slightly different decay rates.
4 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors evaluated the characteristics, temporal and spatial changes, and health concerns associated with heavy metal pollution in atmospheric particulates on a national scale by coupling Meta-analysis and Monte Carlo simulation analysis.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors report on monthly and seasonal concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1, along with their ratios, using a low volume sampler.
Abstract: Particulate matter (PM) is among the deadliest air pollutants due to its negative health impacts and environmental harm. This study reports on monthly and seasonal concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1, along with their ratios. Twelve-day samples were collected once a month in Mingora city (Swat, Pakistan) from January to December 2019 using a low volume sampler. Maximum average mass concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 were recorded in December having values of 78, 56, and 32 μg m−3, respectively. Minimum average values for PM10 (44 μg m−3) and PM2.5 (25.1 μg m−3) were recorded in April, while the lowest PM1 (11 μg m−3) was recorded in August. In comparison to other months, the maximum average mass concentrations were 1.77 times (PM10), 2.23 times (PM2.5), and 2.9 times (PM1) higher in December. During the winter season, average mass concentrations remained high. Substantial correlation coefficients of 0.92, 0.79, and 0.75 were recorded between PM10 and PM2.5, PM2.5 and PM1, and PM2.5 and PM1, respectively. The overall average ratios PM2.5: PM10, PM1: PM2.5, and PM1: PM10 were 68.3, 52.6, and 35.4%, respectively. A moderate negative correlation of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 with wind speed (−0.34, −0.39, and −0.41), a strong negative correlation with temperature (−0.69, −0.71, and −0.74) and rainfall (−0.63, −0.61, and −0.59), and a weak relationship with relative humidity (−0.32, −0.1, and −0.02) were recorded.
4 citations