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Pearlite

About: Pearlite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6028 publications have been published within this topic receiving 65695 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model incorporating heat flow, microstructural phenomena, and structure-composition-mechanical property relationships has been developed to compute the yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of steel rod control cooled on a Stelmor line.
Abstract: In this final part of the study, a mathematical model incorporating heat flow, microstructural phenomena, and structure-composition-mechanical property relationships has been developed to compute the yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of steel rod control cooled on a Stelmor line. The predictive capability of the model, in terms of temperature response, microstructural evolution, and strength of the rods, has been tested by comparison to measurements from an extensive set of laboratory and plant trials. Thus, the model has been shown to simulate the complex heat flow and microstructural phenomena in the steel rod very well, although improvements need to be sought in the characterization of the austenite-ferrite transformation kinetics and of pearlite interlamellar spacing. The latter variable has a significant influence on the strength of eutectoid steels. Nonetheless, the model consistently is capable of predicting the strengths of plain-carbon steel rods ranging from 1020 to 1080 to within ± 10 pet.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the hot hardness of individual steel phases, ferrite, austenite, cementite, pearlite, Type I MnS, Mn−MnS eutectic, and silicates were measured in situ with a high degree of accuracy.
Abstract: Apparatus constructed in the Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, University of Cambridge, has enabled the hot hardness of the individual steel phases, ferrite, austenite, cementite, pearlite, Type I MnS, Mn–MnS eutectic, and silicates to be measured in situ with a high degree of accuracy. The work was undertaken in the context of studies of the deformation behaviour of non-metallic inclusions in steel, where the relative yield behaviour of inclusions and matrix is clearly a significant factor. Because of their wider interest the hot hardness results are presented separately. The high-temperature hardness of pearlite, of significance in its behaviour in ‘warm’ working, has been explained in terms of the hardness of its constituent phases.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, continuous cooling transformation diagrams of the coarse grain heataffected zone and microstructure after continuous cooling were investigated for 610 MPa class high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) structural steels with and without niobium.
Abstract: Continuous cooling transformation diagrams of the coarse grain heat-affected zone and microstructure after continuous cooling were investigated for 610 MPa class high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) structural steels with and without niobium. For the steel without Nb, grain boundary ferrite, degenerate pearlite and acicular ferrite are produced at slower cooling rates. Bainite phase is formed at faster cooling rates. However, for the steel with Nb, granular bainite is dominant at a large range of cooling rates. At cooling rates 32 K/s, Nb addition has no obvious influence on transformation start temperature, but it influences microstructure transformation significantly. Martensite is observed in steel with Nb at faster cooling rates, but not produced in steel without Nb.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
W. A. Spitzig1, R. J. Sober1
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed study was conducted with a series of 0.1 and 0.2 pct carbon, 1.0 pct manganese steels containing either 0.004 or 0.013 pct sulfur with and without rare earth additions.
Abstract: Sulfur content and sulfide shape are known to have a marked influence on the tensile ductility and notch toughness of plate steels. To investigate the initiation and growth of fractures at inclusions during plastic straining, a detailed study was conducted with a series of 0.1 and 0.2 pct carbon, 1.0 pct manganese steels containing either 0.004 or 0.013 pct sulfur with and without rare-earth additions. This paper describes the results of this study and evaluates the influence of sulfur content and sulfide shape on the anisotropy in tensile ductility and notch toughness in the steels and assesses the influence of other factors, such as pearlite content, affecting the ductility and toughness. Both globular and stringered sulfide inclusions had a detrimental effect on reduction of area, shelf energy, and transition temperature, which was particularly evident in deterioration of through-thickness properties and which was much more severe for stringered inclusions than for globular inclusions. Increased pearlite content was more detrimental to reduction of area and transition temperature when stringered inclusions were also present, whereas its effect on shelf energy appeared to be about the same regardless of the presence of inclusions or their morphology.

42 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a cold rolled dual phase (DP) steel with the C-Si-Mn alloy system was trial-produced in the laboratory, utilizing a Glee-ble-3800 thermal simulator, and the effects of continuous annealing parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructures of the DP steel were investigated by mechanical testing and microstructure observation.
Abstract: A cold rolled dual phase (DP) steel with the C-Si-Mn alloy system was trial-produced in the laboratory, utilizing a Glee-ble-3800 thermal simulator. The effects of continuous annealing parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructures of the DP steel were investigated by mechanical testing and microstructure observation. The results show that soaking between 760 and 820℃ for more than 80 s, rapid cooling at the rate of more than 30℃/s from the quenching temperature between 620 and 680℃, and overaging lower than 300℃ are beneficial for the mechanical properties of DP steels. An appropriate proportion of the two phases is one of the key factors for the favorable properties of DP steels. If the volume fraction of martensite and, thereby, free dislocations are deficient, the tensile strength and n value of DP steels will decrease, whereas, the yield strength will increase. But if the volume fraction of martensite is excessive to make it become a dominant phase, the yield and tensile strength will increase, whereas, the elongation will decrease obviously. When rapid cooling rate is not fast enough, pearlite or cementite will appear, which will degrade the mechanical properties. Even though martensite is sufficient, if it is decomposed in high temperature tempering, the properties will be unsatisfied.

42 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023148
2022326
2021218
2020271
2019291
2018221