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Penicillin

About: Penicillin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 17916 publications have been published within this topic receiving 368480 citations. The topic is also known as: penicillin antibiotic & PCN.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is found that PcLaeA not only controls some secondary metabolism gene clusters, but also asexual differentiation in P. chrysogenum.

148 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Responses to therapy, including response to penicillin or ampicillin among children with nonmeningeal invasive disease, course of illness, and clinical outcome did not differ significantly between children infected withPenicillin-susceptible or penicillus-resistant isolates.
Abstract: Objectives To assess differences in risk factors, clinical presentation, and course of illness between children infected with penicillin-sensitive and drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP). Design A retrospective cohort study conducted in Uruguay and Argentina using information from a hospital-based surveillance system. Hospitalized children 5 years of age and younger who had S pneumoniae isolated from a normally sterile site between June 1993 and October 1996 were eligible. Hospital records were linked with surveillance data. Both stratified univariate analysis and logistic regression was completed. Results Of the 380 children eligible for the study, 274 records (72%) were available for review. Ninety-nine children (36%) had DRSP; 46 showed intermediate susceptibility (minimum inhibitory concentration, 0.12-1.0 microg/mL) and 53 showed high-level resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration >/=2.0 microg/mL). Children with meningitis were less likely to have DRSP than those with other forms of invasive disease (relative risk = 0. 5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2-0.9). Risk factors associated with DRSP were use of penicillin or ampicillin in the 3 months before illness (odds ratio = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.5-5.7) and possession of private medical coverage (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% CI, 1.2-5.0). Response to therapy, including response to penicillin or ampicillin among children with nonmeningeal invasive disease, course of illness, and clinical outcome did not differ significantly between children infected with penicillin-susceptible or penicillin-resistant isolates. Conclusion In this study, previous use of penicillin or ampicillin and private medical coverage were associated with having DRSP. Children with nonmeningeal invasive disease responded equally well to penicillin regardless of the penicillin susceptibility of their pneumococcal isolate.

148 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
08 Nov 1976-JAMA
TL;DR: Because neurosyphilis may progress despite therapy with the recommended penicillin regimens, 15 subjects with positive tests for syphilis in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid were studied and it was found that three patients had CSF pleocytosis.
Abstract: Because neurosyphilis may progress despite therapy with the recommended penicillin regimens, 15 subjects with positive tests for syphilis in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were studied. All of these patients had CSF pleocytosis. Two received penicillin G (5 and 10 million units per day intravenously, respectively) and 13 received benzathine penicillin G, 3.6 million units per week intramuscularly; treatment lasted four weeks. During intravenous and after intramuscular penicillin therapy, a spinal tap was performed on all subjects; later, assays were done. Of two patients who received intravenous penicillin G, one had 0.3 mug/ml and the other had 2.4 mug/ml penicillin in the CSF. Twelve of 13 patients who received benzathine penicillin G had no detectable penicillin in the CSF; one patient had 0.1 mug/ml penicillin in the CSF.

148 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The two important and related functions of susceptibility testing are the detection of frank resistance and the quantitative measurement of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents with some species that may have direct therapeutic relevance, e.g., the magnitude of the penicillin and cephalosporin MICs for Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Abstract: One of the most important tasks in the clinical microbiology laboratory is the performance of antimicrobial susceptibility tests on significant bacterial isolates. The goal of susceptibility testing is to predict the likely outcome of treating a patient's infection with a particular antimicrobial agent. Empirical therapy continues to be effective for some bacterial pathogens because resistance mechanisms have not yet been acquired or are still rare; examples include penicillin therapy for group A streptococcal infections, erythromycin for legionellosis, and penicillin for N. meningitidis infections in the United States. Susceptibility testing is useful and important for the common bacterial species that are not predictably susceptible to drugs of choice because of acquired resistance mechanisms (e.g., members of the Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas species, Staphylococcus species, Enterococcus species, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae). The two important and related functions of susceptibility testing are the detection of frank resistance and the quantitative measurement of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents with some species that may have direct therapeutic relevance, e.g., the magnitude of the penicillin and cephalosporin MICs for Streptococcus pneumoniae [1-3].

148 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mechanism of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (methicillin resistant β-lactamase) is complex as mentioned in this paper, and the only uniformly reliable therapeutic modality, until now, has been increasingly used for therapy of staphylococcal infections.

147 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023459
2022907
2021249
2020269
2019221
2018192