Showing papers on "Penicillium griseofulvum published in 2011"
TL;DR: Investigation of the ability of these strains to produce patulin in apples and the consequences of this type of storage in loss of quality confirm that time in which apples are taken out from cold storage room before juice production is critical in order to prevent patulin accumulation.
22 citations
28 Feb 2011
TL;DR: Incidence of different species of Penicillium in poultry feeds (starter, breeder, boiler and layer) and cattle feeds was analyzed.
Abstract: Incidence of different species of Penicillium in poultry feeds (starter, breeder, boiler and layer) and cattle feeds was analyzed. In all twenty three species of Penicillium, Penicillium aethiopicum, Penicillium alli, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Penicillium brevicampactum, Penicillium camemberti, Penicillium caseifulvum, Pchrysogenum, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium commune, Penicillium crustosum, Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium dipodomyis, Penicillium discolor, Penicillium expansum, Penicillium flavigenum, Penicillium griseofulvum, Penicillium italicum, Penicillium nalgiovense, Penicillium nordicum, Penicillium olsonii, Penicillium roqueforti, Penicillium rubrum, Penicillium tricolor and Penicillium verrucosum could be recorded in 400 samples of feed samples, poultry feed (280) and cattle feed (120) was analyzed for fungus isolation by dilution plate method, screening of 483 Penicillium species by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and spray reagents for mycotoxin production, 299 strains were positive to be mycotoxigenic which elaborates a variety of mycotoxins such as Citrinin, Cyclopiazonic acid, Mycophenolic acid, Ochratoxin A, Patulin, Penitrems, PR toxin, Roquefortine C,Rubratoxin and Terric acid etc.
Key words: Penicillium species, mycotoxins, cattle feed, poultry feed.
21 citations
TL;DR: The enzyme was generally found to be an extracellular enzyme and during the process of autolysis its activity increased with incubation time and with increasing pH of the medium.
Abstract: — Cephalosporin C acylase activity was studied using fluorescamine determination of free — NH2 groups produced in the deacylation of cephalosporin C by the enzyme. Fourteen fungi from different genera were studied and low extracellular cephalosporin C acylase activity was found in the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium. Forty one fungi of these genera were checked but not all presented acylase activity. The enzyme was generally found to be an extracellular enzyme and during the process of autolysis its activity increased with incubation time and with increasing pH of the medium. In no case was β-lactamase activity detected. Penicillium rugulosum and Penicillium griseofulvum were identified as good cephalosporin C acylase producers. Deacetyl esterase activity was also detected in these fungi.
15 citations
TL;DR: This is the first report of P. griseofulvum on apples during storage in Italy, and preliminary morphological identification of the fungus was confirmed by PCR using genomic DNA extracted from mycelia of pure cultures.
Abstract: In northern Italy, blue mold can occur generally on apples after 3 months of storage under controlled atmospheres. The mold can be caused by Penicillium griseofulvum Dierckx (synonym P. urticae Bainier). During 2008, several postharvest fruit rots were observed on apples (cv. Golden Delicious) after 180 to 240 days of storage at 1°C. Approximately 8% of the fruits showed blue mold. Apples had been cultivated in Aosta (Aosta Valley Region) and Lagnasco (Piedmont Region). Infected fruits showed soft, watery, brown spots enlarging rapidly at 20°C. There was a distinct margin between soft rotted flesh and firm healthy tissues. Under high humidity, masses of blue-green spores formed on the surface of the lesion. Apple fruit excisions from the margin between the healthy and diseased tissues were plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA), pH 5.6. The recovered fungus produced abundant mycelium and conidia, with the colonies attaining a diameter of 2.0 to 2.4 cm after 7 days at 20 ± 2°C on PDA. Colonies were mostly ye...
7 citations
TL;DR: Based on differences in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of Penicillium genus and specific isoamyl alcohol oxidase (IAO) sequences, species-specific primers AS1/RS4 and IAO1/IAO2 were designed and synthesized which were then employed in optimized PCR systems.
Abstract: Molecular methods were carried out to detect Penicillium griseofulvum, a dominant species related to heavy metal pollution, which was screened from marine contaminated sediments. Based on differences in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of Penicillium genus and specific isoamyl alcohol oxidase (IAO) sequences, species-specific primers AS1/RS4 and IAO1/IAO2 of Penicillium griseofulvum were designed and synthesized which were then employed in optimized PCR systems. The detection sensitivities were compared through ordinary PCR and nested-PCR using two pairs of primers, respectively. Both primer pairs could exclusively amplify destined DNA fragment from contaminated environmental samples in our researches. As for primers AS1/RS4, the detection sensitivity for spores (pure spore DNA) could be 10 fg/μl and 10 spores, respectively, and the detection sensitivity for the sediments was 102 spores/0.25 g sediments. While the detection sensitivity of IAO1/IAO2 primers was lower than that of AS1/RS4. Despite the difference in detection sensitivity, it is feasible that the species-specific primers could be used as probes for the detection of environmental pollution dominant species, Penicillium griseofulvum, since the frequency of occurrence and amount of this strain could preferably indicate the pollution degree.
3 citations