Showing papers on "Periocular Region published in 2016"

Iris or Periocular? Exploring Sex Prediction from Near Infrared Ocular Images

Abstract: Recent research has explored the possibility of automatically deducing the sex of an individual based on near infrared (NIR) images of the iris. Previous articles on this topic have extracted and used only the iris region, while most operational iris biometric systems typically acquire the extended ocular region for processing. Therefore, in this work, we investigate the sex-predictive accuracy associated with four different regions: (a) the extended ocular region; (b) the iris-excluded ocular region; (c) the iris-only region and (d) the normalized iris-only region. We employ the BSIF (Binarized Statistical Image Feature) texture operator to extract features from these regions, and train a Support Vector Machine (SVM) to classify the extracted feature set as Male or Female. Experiments on a dataset containing 3314 images suggest that the iris region only provides modest sex-specific cues compared to the surrounding periocular region. This research further underscores the importance of using the periocular region in iris recognition systems.

Rejuvenation of the Upper Face and Periocular Region: Combining Neuromodulator, Facial Filler, Laser, Light, and Energy-Based Therapies for Optimal Results.

Abstract: BACKGROUNDThe upper face and periocular region is a complex and dynamic part of the face. Successful rejuvenation requires a combination of minimally invasive modalities to fill dents and hollows, resurface rhytides, improve pigmentation, and smooth the mimetic muscles of the face without masking fa

Periocular recognition: how much facial expressions affect performance?

Abstract: Using information near the human eye to perform biometric recognition has been gaining popularity. Previous works in this area, designated periocular recognition, show remarkably low error rates and particularly high robustness when data are acquired under less controlled conditions. In this field, one factor that remains to be studied is the effect of facial expressions on recognition performance, as expressions change the textural/shape information inside the periocular region. We have collected a multisession dataset whose single variation is the subjects' facial expressions and analyzed the corresponding variations in performance, using the state-of-the-art periocular recognition strategy. The effectiveness attained by different strategies to handle the effects of facial expressions was compared: (1) single-sample enrollment; (2) multisample enrollment, and (3) multisample enrollment with facial expression recognition, with results also validated in the well-known Cohn---Kanade AU-Coded Expression dataset. Finally, the role of each type of facial expression in the biometrics menagerie effect is discussed.

Recurrence rates of periocular basal cell carcinoma following Mohs micrographic surgery: a retrospective study.

Abstract: Background The incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has increased during the previous decade. Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is the gold standard technique for BCCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the recurrence rate of periocular BCCs following MMS in a regional Mohs treatment facility in the United Kingdom. Materials and methods The study comprised a retrospective case note review of 480 patients who underwent MMS from 2001 to 2006 for periocular BCC. Patients were identified via hospital coding databases. Medical records were reviewed, and the parameters collected include age, gender, previous BCCs and treatment modality, postoperative complications and subsequent management, site, size of lesion, histological subtype, and recurrence following MMS. Results Three hundred and ninety of the 480 patients identified were included. The remaining patients had died before the 5-year analysis (65), were lost to follow-up (20), or were identified as having Gorlin's syndrome (5). The majority of BCCs were 6–10 mm (42%) and nodular (45%). Six recurrences were identified (1.5%), including one (0.3%) primary BCC and five (6.5%) recurrent BCCs at the time of the MMS. The mean follow-up was 30 months (range 1–120 months). Conclusion For BCC in the periocular region, MMS should be the treatment of choice for both primary and recurrent periocular BCCs. The increased recurrence rate, demonstrated by recurrent BCCs, highlights the need for a comprehensive follow-up.

Sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland: a case report and review of the literature.

Abstract: Background Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignancy primarily with aggressive growth affecting the cutaneous tissues of the periocular region. Sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland is exceedingly rare, with only 32 cases reported in the literature. Our case brings this total to 33.

Periocular biometrics: databases, algorithms and directions

Abstract: Periocular biometrics has been established as an independent modality due to concerns on the performance of iris or face systems in uncontrolled conditions. Periocular refers to the facial region in the eye vicinity, including eyelids, lashes and eyebrows. It is available over a wide range of acquisition distances, representing a trade-off between the whole face (which can be occluded at close distances) and the iris texture (which do not have enough resolution at long distances). Since the periocular region appears in face or iris images, it can be used also in conjunction with these modalities. Features extracted from the periocular region have been also used successfully for gender classification and ethnicity classification, and to study the impact of gender transformation or plastic surgery in the recognition performance. This paper presents a review of the state of the art in periocular biometric research, providing an insight of the most relevant issues and giving a thorough coverage of the existing literature. Future research trends are also briefly discussed.

Fluid Fat Injection for Volume Restoration and Skin Regeneration of the Periocular Aesthetic Unit

Abstract: Atrophy of the skin and volume loss are the 2 major contributors to facial aging and affect, early on, the periocular region where they contribute to the formation of periorbital skin wrinkles, thinning and descent of the eyebrows , deepen ing of the superior sulcus, infraorbital hollowing, and pseudodescent of the cheek.1 In our opinion, facial rejuvenation should target primarily the age-related changes of the periocular aesthetic unit in association with various surgical procedures necessary to address the specific needs of each individual patients. Autologous fat has the potential to provide volume restoration and skin regeneration, and fat grafting is regarded as the procedure of choice for facial rejuvenation. Yet the eyelids are still considered by most surgeons to be off limits for fat grafting because even the smallest irregularity may become visible through the thin eyelid skin, causing unsatisfactory aesthetic results. This may be about to change. A substantial advance in periocular fat grafting has been recently described by Tonnard et al,2 who propose use of a “nanofat” that, thanks to the high content of stem cells, is aimed at the correction of eyelid skin atrophy. However, the nanofat preparation requires manual fat emulsification, which deprives the nanofat of viable adipocytes, making it unfit for volume restoration. Our research group3 has recently described a novel technique of fat grafting that eliminates this important limitation. This technique, named superficial enhanced fluid fat injection (SEFFI), does not require fat processing but relies on the small size of the side ports of the harvesting cannula to select only small fat lobules immersed in an abundant stromal component and subsequently enhanced by adding autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP).4 The end result is a fluid mixture of viable adipocytes, adipose-derived stem cells originating from the stromal vascular fraction, and stem cells originating from the platelets in the PRP.

Biometric recognition of surgically altered periocular region: A comprehensive study

Abstract: Wide acceptance of biometrics as an authentication mode has led to investigation of multiple modalities such as face, periocular, iris for the long term robustness. Due to various deformities arising out of deteriorating health, need for enhancing the beauty by choice or to fix the injury as a result of trauma or aging, people tend to undergo surgery. However, such surgeries do not guarantee the restoration of physical biometric characteristics (face, periocular, iris etc.) to original appearance and thereby impacting the performance in biometric identifications. Among many physical biometric characteristics, periocular recognition is widely accepted for authentication purposes. This work studies the impact of periocular surgeries on biometric performance. To this extent, we introduce a new large scale periocular surgery database comprising of 402 unique periocular images acquired before and after the surgery. This is the first work that provides comprehensive study on evaluating the impact of surgeries in periocular region on periocular recognition. Extensive experiments are carried out on a newly created dataset using 11 different state-of-art periocular recognition schemes. Further, we also explore score level fusion of these algorithms. Results obtained on the newly created large scale database indicate the degraded identification performance of both the state-of-art and fusion algorithms.

Beta Blockers in the Treatment of Periocular Infantile Hemangiomas: A Review.

Abstract: Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are the most common benign tumor of infancy, and in the periocular region can be associated with permanent visual impairment from amblyopia. Previous treatment options included systemic and local corticosteroids, surgical excision, laser therapy, and in rare cases immunomodulatory therapy, many of which had variable outcomes with undesirable side effect profiles. Since their initial use for IH in 2008, beta blockers have become the mainstay of therapy for periocular IH due to their excellent clinical efficacy and tolerability. While the exact mechanism of action of beta blockers in IH has not been fully elucidated, both oral and topical therapy have demonstrated low rates of adverse events and improved outcomes in the management of periocular IH. This review summarizes the most recent studies on the clinical outcomes, management, and guidelines for the treatment of periocular IH with topical and oral beta blockers.

Weighted comparison score fusion for accurate verification of surgically altered periocular region

Abstract: Facial surgeries are inevitably increasing in the modern society due to factors such as consciousness for beauty/appearance either to correct the deformed structure as a result of the injury, trauma or natural process of aging. These surgical changes in the facial structure result in modified appearance of a person, which cannot be modelled using morphological or mathematical approaches. These changes directly impact the biometric performance of a recognition system, when a subject is enrolled prior to surgical modifications and is verified after the surgery. Emphasizing on the periocular region as a stand-alone biometric characteristic is on one hand increasing while on the other hand, in the target population the number of surgeries for periocular region is also increasing. These surgical changes have a direct negative impact on the biometric performance. In this work, we evaluate the degraded performance as a result of such surgeries in the periocular region by enrolling the 402 unique periocular images prior to surgery and verify mated images post-surgery by employing various well-known feature extraction techniques. The obtained verification performance equals GMR of 85.32% at a FMR of 0.01% indicating the challenge for a real-life application. Further, we explore weighted comparison score level fusion in which the weights are determined using Fischer Discriminant Ratio. The proposed weighted score level fusion in this work provides an improved verification performance of GMR = 100% at FMR = 0.01% signifying the robust nature of fused scores as compared to state-of-art verification schemes in handling the challenging data arising due to surgical modifications.