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Personal computer

About: Personal computer is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 58809 publications have been published within this topic receiving 800814 citations. The topic is also known as: PC.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Penn World Table as discussed by the authors is a set of national accounts economic time series covering many countries and its expenditure entries are denominated in common set of prices in a common currency so that real quantity comparisons can be made, both between countries and over time.
Abstract: The Penn World Table displays a set of national accounts economic time series covering many countries. Its expenditure entries are denominated in a common set of prices in a common currency so that real quantity comparisons can be made, both between countries and over time. It also provides information about relative prices within and between countries, as well as demographic data and capital stock estimates. This updated, revised, and expanded Mark 5 version of the table includes more countries, years, and variables of interest to economic researchers. The Table is available on personal computer diskettes and through BITNET.

2,790 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Harmony, for the integration of single-cell transcriptomic data, identifies broad and fine-grained populations, scales to large datasets, and can integrate sequencing- and imaging-based data.
Abstract: The emerging diversity of single-cell RNA-seq datasets allows for the full transcriptional characterization of cell types across a wide variety of biological and clinical conditions. However, it is challenging to analyze them together, particularly when datasets are assayed with different technologies, because biological and technical differences are interspersed. We present Harmony ( https://github.com/immunogenomics/harmony ), an algorithm that projects cells into a shared embedding in which cells group by cell type rather than dataset-specific conditions. Harmony simultaneously accounts for multiple experimental and biological factors. In six analyses, we demonstrate the superior performance of Harmony to previously published algorithms while requiring fewer computational resources. Harmony enables the integration of ~106 cells on a personal computer. We apply Harmony to peripheral blood mononuclear cells from datasets with large experimental differences, five studies of pancreatic islet cells, mouse embryogenesis datasets and the integration of scRNA-seq with spatial transcriptomics data. Harmony, for the integration of single-cell transcriptomic data, identifies broad and fine-grained populations, scales to large datasets, and can integrate sequencing- and imaging-based data.

2,459 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Langer as discussed by the authors reviewed a series of experimental studies that demonstrate that individuals mindlessly apply social rules and expecta-tions to computers and demonstrate that people exhibit overlearned social behaviors such as politeness and reciprocity toward comput-ers.
Abstract: Following Langer (1992), this article reviews a series of experimental studiesthat demonstrate that individuals mindlessly apply social rules and expecta-tions to computers. The first set of studies illustrates how individuals overusehuman social categories, applying gender stereotypes to computers and ethnicallyidentifying with computer agents. The second set demonstrates that people exhibitoverlearned social behaviors such as politeness and reciprocity toward comput-ers.Inthethirdsetofstudies,prematurecognitivecommitmentsaredemonstrated:Aspecialisttelevisionsetisperceivedasprovidingbettercontentthanageneralisttelevision set. A final series of studies demonstrates the depth of social responseswith respect to computer “personality.” Alternative explanations for these find -ings, such as anthropomorphism and intentional social responses, cannot explainthe results. We conclude with an agenda for future research.Computer users approach the personal computer in many different ways.Experienced word processors move smoothly from keyboard to mouse to menu,mixing prose and commands to the computer automatically; the distinctionbetween the hand and the tool blurs (Heidegger, 1977; Winograd & Flores, 1987).Novices cautiously strike each key, fearing that one false move will initiate anuncontrollable series of unwanted events. Game players view computers as

2,167 citations

Book
01 Oct 1992
TL;DR: Katzenbach and Smith as mentioned in this paper show why teams work, and explain how to set up and get real results using hundreds of interviews with team members from a variety of companies and organizations.
Abstract: More and more organizations are using teams and reaping the extra performance results that come with melding skills, experiences and insights of small groups of people working as real teams. Katzenbach and Smith declare teams to be one of the most powerful elements for businesses to meet the challenges of the future - from reengineering to total quality to faultless customer service. Based on hundreds of interviews with team members from a variety of companies and organizations, this book shows why teams work, and explains how to set up and get real results. They provide dozens of real accounts and case studies that illustrate successes and failures, and demonstrate what can be learned from these examples. Douglas K. Smith is the co-author of "Fumbling the Future: How Xerox Invented and Then Ignored the First Personal Computer".

1,887 citations

Book
01 Jul 2001
TL;DR: The book introduces you to new advances in the perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary conditions, and offers a thorough understanding of error analysis of numerical methods, fast-forward and inverse solvers for inverse problems, hybridization in computational electromagnetics, and asymptotic waveform evaluation.
Abstract: From the Publisher: Here's a cutting-edge resource that brings you up-to-date with all the recent advances in computational electromagnetics. You get the most-current information available on the multilevel fast multipole algorithm in both the time and frequency domains, as well as the latest developments in fast algorithms for low frequencies and specialized structures, such as the planar and layered media. These algorithms solve large electromagnetics problems with shorter turn around time, using less computer memory. Complex problems that once required a supercomputer to solve, can now be solved on a workstation or personal computer with the innovative methods taught in this resource. The book introduces you to new advances in the perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary conditions, and offers you a thorough understanding of error analysis of numerical methods, fast-forward and inverse solvers for inverse problems, hybridization in computational electromagnetics, and asymptotic waveform evaluation.

1,616 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202310
202227
2021418
2020954
20191,407
20181,342