Showing papers on "Perspective (graphical) published in 1980"

Parents and Peers in Social Development: A Sullivan-Piaget Perspective

Abstract: Most studies of social development in children have relied on the assumption that adults' instructions to children pass on knowledge of the rules of behavior which govern and preserve society. In this volume, James Youniss argues that the child's relations with his or her friends and peers make a distinctive and critically important contribution to social development. While the child's relations with parents and other adults provide a sense of order and authority, peer relations are a source of sensitivity, self-understanding, and interpersonal cooperation. Following a discussion of the views of Harry Stack Sullivan and Jean Piaget, whose theories are synthesized in Youniss's perspective, Youniss presents a wealth of empirical data from studies in which children describe their own views of their two social worlds.

Against Direct Perception

Abstract: Central to contemporary cognitive science is the notion that mental processes involve computations defined over internal representations. This view stands in sharp contrast to the “direct approach” to visual perception and cognition, whose most prominent proponent has been J.J. Gibson. In the direct theory, perception does not involve computations of any sort; it is the result of the direct pickup of available information. The publication of Gibson's recent book (Gibson 1979) offers an opportunity to examine his approach, and, more generally, to contrast the theory of direct perception with the computational/representational view. In the first part of the present article (Sections 2–3) the notion of “direct perception” is examined from a theoretical standpoint, and a number of objections are raised. Section 4 is a “case study”: the problem of perceiving the three-dimensional shape of moving objects is examined. This problem, which has been extensively studied within the immediate perception framework, serves to illustrate some of the inherent shortcomings of that approach. Finally, in Section 5, an attempt is made to place the theory of direct perception in perspective by embedding it in a more comprehensive framework.

At Odds: Women and the Family in America from the Revolution to the Present

Abstract: Bringing into historical perspective the critical conflict between woman's right to equality of opportunity and the demands of the family, Degler shows how the modern family has been shaped by woman's search for greater autonomy.

The Development Process: A Spatial Perspective

Abstract: Written from the perspective of developing countries, this book discusses the development process from a spatial perspective, focussing particularly on the evoltuion of the intra-national space-economy. With emphasis on African nations, this book offers a distinctive interpretation of the current situation and policy prescriptions differing significantly from previous literature in the area.

Advances in psychology

Abstract: The problems addressed in this book are related to selfreferent thought and emotional states and traits. This is a topic which receives more and more attention. Viewing emotions and, actions from a cognitive perspective has become a common and well-accepted practice. The chapters deal with specific empirical problems in research on stress, anxiety and depression which can be solved or clarified by investigating the role and functioning of the self in the face of taxing or threatening environmental demands.

Text and Context: Aspects of Language in a Social-Semiotic Perspective

Abstract: Texte de six conferences sur la structure du texte et sur le contexte, les fonctions du langage et les variations.

Times, spaces, and places: A chronogeographic perspective

Abstract: (1983). Times, Spaces, and Places: A Chronogeographic Perspective. Economic Geography: Vol. 59, No. 1, pp. 86-87.

stories, background knowledge and themes: problems in the analysis of life history narrative

Abstract: Life history data as discourse are examined, and recent perspectives from psychology, linguistics and anthropology are applied to the narrative. Each perspective illuminates some portion of the text, including its overall structure, the background knowledge necessary to understand it, and the narrator who produced it. Attention to complex ethnographic data promises to facilitate the integration of theory. [cognitive anthropology, discourse, life history, methodology, urban America]

Family Dynamics of Incest: A New Perspective:

Abstract: A study of protective workers was designed to explore their perceptions of the relationship between incest and other forms of familial abuse and the role of the mother in an incestuous relationship...