Showing papers on "Perspective (graphical) published in 1984"

Relationships as regulators: a psychobiologic perspective on bereavement.

Abstract: In the spirit of adventure that has been characteristic of our Society, I am going to ask you to join me in a mental journey. The purpose is to try to look at something familiar in a new way. We are going to be looking at bereavement—something you all know a lot about—and I am going to try to get a different perspective on it by using information gathered in very different contexts and by trying to imagine what it is that experiments on infant separation in animals might be telling us about adult human bereavement. First, I would like to persuade you that there is still a mystery concerning bereavement. Actually it puzzles us on many accounts: is it a disease or a natural function, a temporary insanity or a mobilization of creative energy? The mystery I would like to examine, however, is its place in natural history, its biologic basis, particularly how the experience comes to produce biologic changes in bereaved people. George Engel asked us, in his presidential address more than 20 years ago (lj, is grief a disease? However, medicine at large

Strategic Management: An Integrative Perspective

Abstract: Strategic management: an integrative perspective , Strategic management: an integrative perspective , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Visual self-recognition in autistic children: Developmental relationships.

Abstract: Employing a mirror procedure, 52 autistic children (CA = 3-7 to 12-8, means = 7-7) were tested for visual self-recognition. Substantial behavioral and psychometric data were collected from school records, teacher interviews, and classroom observations. Of the 52 children, 36 (69%) showed evidence of mirror self-recognition, while 16 (31%) failed to give clear indications of recognizing their mirror images. The 2 groups did not differ on CA. Severity of language impairment appeared to be a major factor differentiating the 2 groups: those who failed to show evidence of visual self-recognition were more likely than those who did show evidence of visual recognition to be mute or lacking in communicative speech (p less than .001). Other indices of impairment indicated that the children who showed the capacity for visual self-recognition had higher levels of functioning. The results are discussed in terms of an organizational perspective. This perspective argues that the study of atypical populations may elucidate the process of development by describing the coordination or sequential organization of different behavioral systems.

Historical Perspective: Using the Past to Study the Present

Abstract: Historical perspective refers to understanding a subject in light of its earliest phases and subsequent evolution. This perspective differs from history because its object is to sharpen one's vision of the present, not the past. When historical perspective is overlooked in social research, researchers may draw misleading conclusions. Historical perspective expands research horizons by encouraging study of the relative stability of phenomena, providing alternative explanations for phenomena, and aiding problem formulation and research design.

The role of video game playing in adolescent life: Is there reason to be concerned?

Abstract: One hundred fifty-one subjects from 10 to 20 years old were surveyed to determine their attitudes toward video game playing and its role in their lives. Concerns have been expressed in the public media that video game playing is addictive for youngsters and leads to excessive expenditures of time and money, poorer school performance, reduced involvement in sports, and less opportunity to develop social skills. The survey data did not support these contentions. Although approximately 10% of the subjects appeared to show some compulsive aspects in their play, no identifiable problems were correlated with the amount of time spent playing. For the great majority, video game playing was an enjoyable activity held in perspective with other aspects of their lives.

Programming pearls: perspective on performance

Abstract: There are many ways to make a program run faster. Previous columns have discussed such techniques as problem definition, algorithms, data structures, and code tuning. In this column we'll see how those parts fit together into a whole: each technique is applicable to one of several design levels at which computer systems are built. There are at least two good reasons for programmers to study run-time efficiency. The first is pragmatic: while a program's performance is often unimportant, every now and then it matters a great deal. The second reason for studying performance is educational. While many qualities of software are as important as efficiency (if not more so), they are harder to discuss. Anybody can measure that a program is five times faster than another or uses half as much space, but I have to resort to more subjective terms to describe functionality, maintainability, or robustness. Because performance can be quantified and is intellectually challenging, it's a fine training ground for software engineers. This column is about the opportunities for efficiency at various design levels of a computer system. We'll first study one particular program, and then turn to a more systematic view of design levels.

Listeriosis research: Present situation and perspective

Abstract: In what case do you like reading so much? What about the type of the listeriosis research present situation and perspective book? The needs to read? Well, everybody has their own reason why should read some books. Mostly, it will relate to their necessity to get knowledge from the book and want to read just to get entertainment. Novels, story book, and other entertaining books become so popular this day. Besides, the scientific books will also be the best reason to choose, especially for the students, teachers, doctors, businessman, and other professions who are fond of reading.

Language and Intergroup Attitudes

Abstract: Somewhat surprisingly, social psychologists have traditionally been rather reluctant to consider speech in their formulations of social behavior (notable exceptions are Brown, 1965; Lambert, 1967; Robinson, 1972). However, this oversight has recently and gradually been corrected with a series of studies on language from a social-psychological perspective (e.g., Fraser & Scherer, 1982; Giles & St. Clair, 1979). It is clear that the way we speak and how listeners interpret our speech has important consequences for our interactions with others. Furthermore, the social-psychological approach to the study of such influences makes unique theoretical and methodological contributions to the wider discipline of language science.