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Photonic crystal
About: Photonic crystal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 43424 publications have been published within this topic receiving 887083 citations.
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TL;DR: The coherence of the supercontinuum is shown to depend strongly on the input pulse's duration and wavelength, and optimal conditions for the generation of coherent supercontinua are discussed.
Abstract: Numerical simulations have been used in studies of the temporal and spectral features of supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal and tapered optical fibers. In particular, an ensemble average over multiple simulations performed with random quantum noise on the input pulse allows the coherence of the supercontinuum to be quantified in terms of the dependence of the degree of first-order coherence on the wavelength. The coherence is shown to depend strongly on the input pulse’s duration and wavelength, and optimal conditions for the generation of coherent supercontinua are discussed.
488 citations
TL;DR: An ultrasensitive two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavity biosensor that can detect a molecule monolayer with a total mass as small as 2.5 fg and measure the redshift corresponding to the binding of glutaraldehyde and bovine serum albumin is demonstrated.
Abstract: We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate an ultrasensitive two-dimensional photonic crystal microcavity biosensor. The device is fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator wafer and operates near its resonance at 1.58 μm. Coating the sensor internal surface with proteins of different sizes produces a different amount of resonance redshift. The present device can detect a molecule monolayer with a total mass as small as 2.5 fg. The device performance is verified by measuring the redshift corresponding to the binding of glutaraldehyde and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The experimental results are in good agreement with theory and with ellipsometric measurements performed on a flat oxidized silicon wafer surface.
487 citations
TL;DR: The properties of resonant modes which arise from the introduction of local defects in two-dimensional ~2D! and 3D photonic crystals are investigated and it is shown that the properties of these modes can be controlled by simply changing the nature and size of the defects.
Abstract: We investigate the properties of resonant modes which arise from the introduction of local defects in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D photonic crystals. We show that the properties of these modes can be controlled by simply changing the nature and size of the defects. We compute the frequency, polarization, symmetry, and field distribution of the resonant modes by solving Maxwell's equations in the frequency domain. The dynamic behavior of the modes is determined by using a finite-difference time-domain method which allows us to compute the coupling efficiency and the losses in the microcavity. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
486 citations
TL;DR: This work demonstrates both the “inhibition” and “redistribution” of spontaneous light emission by using two-dimensional photonic crystals, in which the refractive index is changed two-dimensionally.
Abstract: Inhibiting spontaneous light emission and redistributing the energy into useful forms are desirable objectives for advances in various fields, including photonics, illuminations, displays, solar cells, and even quantum-information systems. We demonstrate both the "inhibition" and "redistribution" of spontaneous light emission by using two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals, in which the refractive index is changed two-dimensionally. The overall spontaneous emission rate is found to be reduced by a factor of 5 as a result of the 2D photonic bandgap effect. Simultaneously, the light energy is redistributed from the 2D plane to the direction normal to the photonic crystal.
485 citations
TL;DR: This work proposes a concept of valley photonic crystals with electromagnetic duality symmetry but broken inversion symmetry, and shows the independent control of valley and topology in a single system that has been long pursued in electronic systems, resulting in topologically-protected flat edge states.
Abstract: A theoretically proposed photonic crystal design with valley-dependent spin-split bulk bands allows for the independent control of valley and topology in a single system. Photonic crystals offer unprecedented opportunity for light manipulation and applications in optical communication and sensing1,2,3,4. Exploration of topology in photonic crystals and metamaterials with non-zero gauge field has inspired a number of intriguing optical phenomena such as one-way transport and Weyl points5,6,7,8,9,10. Recently, a new degree of freedom, valley, has been demonstrated in two-dimensional materials11,12,13,14,15. Here, we propose a concept of valley photonic crystals with electromagnetic duality symmetry but broken inversion symmetry. We observe photonic valley Hall effect originating from valley-dependent spin-split bulk bands, even in topologically trivial photonic crystals. Valley–spin locking behaviour results in selective net spin flow inside bulk valley photonic crystals. We also show the independent control of valley and topology in a single system that has been long pursued in electronic systems, resulting in topologically-protected flat edge states. Valley photonic crystals not only offer a route towards the observation of non-trivial states, but also open the way for device applications in integrated photonics and information processing using spin-dependent transportation.
485 citations