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Showing papers on "Photonic-crystal fiber published in 1972"


Patent
Maurer R D1
03 Jan 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a method of forming an OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE by first forming a COATING of GLASS on the INSIDE WALL of a GLASS TUBE, the GLASSTUBE and the first COATING being of SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR MATERIAL was presented.
Abstract: A METHOD OF FORMING AN OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE BY FIRST FORMING A COATING OF GLASS ON THE INSIDE WALL OF A GLASS TUBE, THE GLASS TUBE AND THE FIRST COATING BEING OF SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR MATERIAL. THEREAFTER, A SECOND COATING OF GLASS IS APPLIED TO THE INSIDE WALL OF THE GLASS TUBE OVER THE FIRST COATING, SAID SECOND COATING HAVING A PRESELECTED DIFFERENT INDEX OF REFRACTION FROM THAT OF THE FIRST COATING. THE GLASS TUBE AND COATING COMBINATION IS THEREAFTER DRAWN TO REDUCE THE CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA AND TO COLLAPSE THE SECOND AND INNER COATING OF GLASS TO FORM A FIBER HAVING A SOLID CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA. THE COLLAPSED INNER COATING FORMS THE FIBER CORE AND THE FIRST COATING FORMS THE CLADDING FOR THE FIBER WHILE THE EXTERIOR GLASS TUBE PROVIDES STRUCTURAL STRENGTH FOR THE FIBER. D R A W I N G

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the power loss due to material absorption from an HE 11 mode propagating on an optical fiber is derived and approximations are introduced which simplify its calculation, and the attenuation constant for fibers with a small index of refraction difference between the core and the cladding is shown to be equal to the known (measured) loss of the material in bulk multiplied by the fraction of modal power flowing through the lossy region.
Abstract: The power loss, due to material absorption from an HE 11 mode propagating on an optical fiber, is derived and approximations are introduced which simplify its calculation. The attenuation constant of the HE 11 mode, for fibers with a small index of refraction difference between the core and the cladding, is shown to be equal to the known (measured) loss of the material in bulk multiplied by the fraction of modal power flowing through the lossy region.

26 citations


Patent
24 Jul 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a long length of liquid-core optical fiber is employed as a Raman cell, wherein the fiber core contains the material whose Raman spectrum is to be analyzed.
Abstract: A long length of liquid-core optical fiber is employed as a Raman cell, wherein the fiber core contains the material whose Raman spectrum is to be analyzed. Spectral intensifications of from 102 to 103 times greater than that obtained by conventional means are realized, using very small sample volumes. Optimum fiber lengths are disclosed.

23 citations


Patent
10 Apr 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for coupling the output light field from an optical fiber to a thin-film optical waveguide is described, where a hologram is formed in the path of the fiber output beam and is in communication with the optical wave guide.
Abstract: A device and method for coupling the output light field from an optical fiber to a thin-film optical waveguide are described. A hologram is formed in the path of the fiber output beam and is in communication with the optical waveguide. The hologram converts the fiber output field to an optical guided wave with practical efficiencies. In one embodiment, the hologram is formed in a photoresist layer by exposing the layer to the interference pattern formed between the fiber output light beam and an optical guided wave introduced in the waveguide with the aid of a grating coupler.

21 citations


Patent
22 Nov 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, the optical fiber structure is made of a single filamentary material, such as fused silica, with a relatively large cross section at the central portion of the fiber and a relatively thin film portion at the extremities.
Abstract: Optical fibers, for propagating optical radiation in guided modes, are fabricated in an integral structure. Advantageously, the fiber structure is made of a single filamentary material, such as fused silica, with a relatively large cross section at the central portion of the fiber and with a relatively thin film portion at the extremities of the fiber. The thin film portion serves as a supporting member for the central portion of the fiber. Such optical fiber structures are capable of propagating either single mode or multimode guided optical waves. In addition, the exposed surface of the central portion (which is not contacted by the thin film supporting member portion) can be contacted with an optically nonlinear material, in order to provide suitable interactions with the propagating signal wave energy and thereby to produce electrooptic effects such as amplification, modulation, or laser action.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The liquid optical fiber principle can be used for building both analog and digital one-or two-dimensional light deflectors for separating the light from the liquid stream.
Abstract: A small-diameter jet of a transparent liquid having a refractive index greater than the surrounding medium can entrap a light beam and act as an optical fiber. The liquid stream can be bent through quite large angles and will still retain the light. Electrically controlled bending of the liquid stream, and hence the light beam, has been achieved directly by means of electrostatic forces and indirectly by the use of hydraulic devices and associated transducers. Several ways have been demonstrated for separating the light from the liquid stream. The liquid optical fiber principle can be used for building both analog and digital one- or two-dimensional light deflectors.

10 citations


Patent
28 Aug 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an approach to improve the light-transmitting efficiency of a clad light-conducting fiber by minimizing core-cladding interfacial defects by creating long open channels extending longitudinally of the fiber.
Abstract: Improving the light-transmitting efficiency of a clad lightconducting fiber by minimizing core-cladding interfacial defects. Elongated open channels extending longitudinally of the fiber are formed within the cladding to cushion the expansion of gases existing and/or created along the fiber core-cladding interface during fabrication of the fiber.

9 citations