Topic
Photovoltaic system
About: Photovoltaic system is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 103990 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1699017 citations. The topic is also known as: photovoltaic power system & solar PV system.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the trends in the spread of stationary battery systems within the U.S. states are analyzed, with particular emphasis on support policies put in place in different states.
Abstract: In the last years, stationary battery systems started to attract the attention of stakeholders thanks to their unique ability to decouple power generation and load over time, providing the ancillary services necessary for the stability and the reliability of the electrical system. This is especially true in the presence of high levels of penetration of renewable energy technologies, like wind and solar photovoltaic (PV), because of increased fluctuations in the electricity produced by these renewable sources. Despite the growing interest in energy storage technologies, the academic literature has not completely assessed the development trends of this sector. In order to fill this gap, this study strives to address the trends in the spread of stationary battery systems within the U.S. territory. First, the U.S. policy legislation within the different U.S. states is reviewed, with particular emphasis on support policies put in place in the different states. Second, based on the analysis of the Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Storage Database, the main trends in battery systems installations within the U.S. are identified and presented in this paper, with reference both to the viable use cases and to the main electrochemical technologies currently spread in the storage market. The analysis carried out in this work could help stakeholders to assess the impact of energy storage policies in the different U.S. states, identifying the future trends and the most promising markets within the U.S. territory.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a fast and simple approach to improve the existing reliability evaluation methods and proposed a time-dependent clustering approach to model wind power, photovoltaic (PV) generation and electricity demand.
Abstract: Contribution of renewable energies in power systems is increasing due to continuous growth of wind and solar generators. Because of intermittency and uncertainty of these resources, conventional reliability evaluation methods are not applicable and different techniques have been developed to model these generators. However, most of these methods are time-consuming or may not be able to keep time dependency and correlations between renewable resources and load. Therefore, this paper intends to improve the existing methods and proposes a fast and simple approach. In this approach, wind power, photovoltaic (PV) generation, and electricity demand have been modeled as time-dependent clusters, which not only can capture their time-dependent attributes, but also are able to keep the correlations between these data sets. To illustrate the effectiveness of this framework, the proposed methodology has been applied on two different case studies: 1)IEEE RTS system and 2)South Australia (SA) power network. The developed technique is validated by comparing results with sequential Monte Carlo technique.
44 citations
16 Jan 2012
TL;DR: Validation of the method shows that it does not impact the ability of ES to be scheduled in order to maximize economic benefits with time-of-use pricing, and the best place to put an ESU is near the end of a feeder.
Abstract: Energy storage (ES) is increasing used in electrical transmission and distribution systems because it can perform many functions. These include peak shaving, voltage regulation, frequency regulation, spinning reserve, and aiding integration of renewable generation by mitigating the effects of intermittency. This work focuses on the usage of energy storage for peak shaving and voltage regulation on a distribution system having a high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) generation. The PV stations considered make use of smart PV inverters as proposed by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). These inverters assist the energy storage with voltage regulation. Additionally, the proposed method includes support for varying energy storage unit (ESU) sizes, non-radial distribution systems, and reverse power flow, both real and reactive. The method is applied to the worst-case voltage regulation scenario. The impact of the placement and voltage regulation on the profitability of energy storage is assessed. This is accomplished by adding voltage regulation as a constraint to the problem scheduling energy storage in order to maximize profit. Applying the method shows that the best place to put an ESU is near the end of a feeder. Validation of the method shows that it does not impact the ability of ES to be scheduled in order to maximize economic benefits with time-ofuse pricing.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on low-cost integration into sloped roofs of new buildings and show that PV system costs have been reduced by one third, to 5 Euro in 2000.
44 citations
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: In this article, new equations were developed for the purpose of evaluating the performance of photovoltaic cells, modules, panels, and arrays, which enable the performance values determined at one condition of temperature and irradiance to be translated to any other condition.
Abstract: New equations were developed for the purpose of evaluating the performance of photovoltaic cells, modules, panels, and arrays. These equations enable the performance values determined at one condition of temperature and irradiance to be translated to any other condition of temperature and irradiance.
44 citations