Topic
Phrase
About: Phrase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12580 publications have been published within this topic receiving 317823 citations. The topic is also known as: syntagma & phrases.
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TL;DR: In a study of dyadic conversations between four female and four male pairs of friends, the use of the phrase you know and questions were examined within three types of discourse as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In a study of dyadic conversations between four female and four male pairs of friends, the use of the phrase you know and questions are examined within three types of discourse. Women and men are found to use these features with equal frequency; and all speakers, regardless of sex or gender, use them in comparable ways. Although these particular discourse features have been previously associated with a female speech style, the results of this study show that it is the particular requirements associated with the three types of talk that motivate their use, and not the sex or gender of the individual speaker. The problems of generalizing about the characteristics of female or male speech, outside of a particular conversational context, are discussed; and it is shown that a gendered style cannot be adequately defined by counting individual speech variables removed from the specifics of the talk context. (Gender, questions, tag questions, discourse analysis, conversation analysis)
89 citations
Patent•
23 Dec 2010TL;DR: The authors describe word-dependent language models, as well as their creation and use, which can be useful in many contexts, including those where one or more letters of the expected phrase are known to the speaker.
Abstract: This document describes word-dependent language models, as well as their creation and use. A word-dependent language model can permit a speech-recognition engine to accurately verify that a speech utterance matches a multi-word phrase. This is useful in many contexts, including those where one or more letters of the expected phrase are known to the speaker.
89 citations
TL;DR: The authors compared the Likert approach with the phrase completion approach to measure attitudes that fall at all points along the underlying attitudinal continuum, and found that items constructed in the phrase-completion format may yield higher validity and reliability relative to LIKert constructed items.
Abstract: Valid and reliable measures are fundamental to advancing social science. Phrase completion scales were designed to provide enhanced psychometrics compared to Likert scales by more closely conforming to foundational measurement and statistical assumptions. This article tests the two approaches by examining responses (N = 134) to items formatted using the Likert approach with comparable items formatted using the phrase completion approach. An assessment of the written comments, Cronbach's alphas, inter-item correlations, factor scores, and SEM coefficients suggested that items constructed in the phrase completion format may yield higher validity and reliability relative to Likert constructed items. The advantages of phrase completion scales may be particularly pronounced when measuring attitudes that fall at all points along the underlying attitudinal continuum.
89 citations
Patent•
26 Jul 2005TL;DR: In this article, a method for indexing documents in a document collection, each document having an associated identifier, comprises providing a list of phrases, identifying, by operation of a processor adapted to manipulate data within a computer system, for a given document, phrases from the list that are present in the document.
Abstract: A method of indexing documents in a document collection, each document having an associated identifier, the method comprises providing a list of phrases, identifying, by operation of a processor adapted to manipulate data within a computer system, for a given document, phrases from the list of phrases that are present in the document, for each identified phrase in the document identifying, by operation of a processor adapted to manipulate data within a computer system, a related phrase also present in the document, wherein for each phrase g j, g k is a related phrase of phrase g j where an information gain I of g k with respect to g j exceeds a predetermined threshold, the information gain I being a function of A(j,k) and E(j,k), where A(j,k) is a measure of an actual co-occurrence rate of g j and g k, and E(j,k) is an expected co-occurrence rate of g j and g k, and indexing, by operation of a processor adapted to manipulate data within a computer system, the document by storing the identifier of the document and an indication of each related phrase g k also present in the document, in a posting list of the identified phrase g j.
89 citations
11 Aug 2013
TL;DR: This paper proposes an algorithm for recursively constructing a hierarchy of topics from a collection of content-representative documents, characterized each topic in the hierarchy by an integrated ranked list of mixed-length phrases.
Abstract: A high quality hierarchical organization of the concepts in a dataset at different levels of granularity has many valuable applications such as search, summarization, and content browsing. In this paper we propose an algorithm for recursively constructing a hierarchy of topics from a collection of content-representative documents. We characterize each topic in the hierarchy by an integrated ranked list of mixed-length phrases. Our mining framework is based on a phrase-centric view for clustering, extracting, and ranking topical phrases. Experiments with datasets from three different domains illustrate our ability to generate hierarchies of high quality topics represented by meaningful phrases.
89 citations