Phrase

About: Phrase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12580 publications have been published within this topic receiving 317823 citations. The topic is also known as: syntagma & phrases.

Construal: Overview,Motivation, and Some New Evidence

Abstract: Is there underspecification in the syntactic phrase marker constructed during on-line sentence analysis? According to the construal hypothesis (Frazier & Clifton, 1996), a very limited amount and type of structural underspecification is available to the human sentence parsing mechanism. Here we present the basic definitions of construal, illustrating the theory with some already published evidence. We also discuss several new pieces of evidence, from our laboratory and elsewhere, that support the construal hypothesis. We end by raising the question of what kind of mechanism operates in the process of interpreting a nonprimary phrase (a phrase that receives an underspecified syntactic analysis), and conclude that it is not a process of competition between multiple activated possible analyses but instead is a process in which the sheer existence of ambiguity need not result in increased processing cost.

Bayesian Learning of Non-Compositional Phrases with Synchronous Parsing

Abstract: We combine the strengths of Bayesian modeling and synchronous grammar in unsupervised learning of basic translation phrase pairs. The structured space of a synchronous grammar is a natural fit for phrase pair probability estimation, though the search space can be prohibitively large. Therefore we explore efficient algorithms for pruning this space that lead to empirically effective results. Incorporating a sparse prior using Variational Bayes, biases the models toward generalizable, parsimonious parameter sets, leading to significant improvements in word alignment. This preference for sparse solutions together with effective pruning methods forms a phrase alignment regimen that produces better end-to-end translations than standard word alignment approaches.

Voice command triggered speech enhancement

Abstract: Received data representing speech is stored, and a trigger detection block detects a presence of data representing a trigger phrase in the received data. In response, a first part of the stored data representing at least a part of the trigger phrase is supplied to an adaptive speech enhancement block, which is trained on the first part of the stored data to derive adapted parameters for the speech enhancement block. A second part of the stored data, overlapping with the first part of the stored data, is supplied to the adaptive speech enhancement block operating with said adapted parameters, to form enhanced stored data. A second trigger phrase detection block detects the presence of data representing the trigger phrase in the enhanced stored data. In response, enhanced speech data are output from the speech enhancement block for further processing, such as speech recognition. Detecting the presence of data representing the trigger phrase in the received data is carried out by means of a first trigger phrase detection block, detecting the presence of data representing the trigger phrase in the enhanced stored data is carried out by means of a second trigger phrase detection block, and the second trigger phrase detection block operates with different, typically more rigorous, detection criteria from the first trigger phrase detection block.

Dynamic Coreference-Based Summarization

Abstract: \Ve ha.ve developed a query-sensitive text summarization technology \Vell suited for the task of determining whether a. document is relevant to <'-" query. Enoug;h of the docurnent is displayed for the user to determine whether the document should l:H~ read in its entirety. Evaluations indicate that sununarics are classif-ied for relevauce uearly as well as full documents. This approach i.s based on the concept that a good SltJnrnary will repn-)sent each of the topics in the query and is n'alized by ~electing smltcnc<-!S from the document until all the phrases in the query which are represented in the sumiHa.ry are (covered.' A phrase in th<:; docu. ' Jllcnt is considered to cover a phraf:le in the qu(~r:Y if it is cmeferent \Vith it. This approach maxirnizes the space of

A method and system for voice activating web pages

Abstract: A method for providing a web page having an audio interface. The method including providing data specifying a web page, including in the data a first rule based grammar statement having a first phrase portion, a first command portion and a first tag portion, and including in the data a second rule based grammar statement having a second phrase portion, a second command portion, and a second tag portion.