Topic
Phrase
About: Phrase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12580 publications have been published within this topic receiving 317823 citations. The topic is also known as: syntagma & phrases.
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TL;DR: The hypothesis that linguistic complexity is one factor that contributes to the disruptions of speech motor stability characteristic of stuttering is supported.
Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of utterance length and syntactic complexity on the speech motor stability of adults who stutter. Lower lip movement was recorded from 8 adults who stutter and 8 normally fluent controls. They produced a target phrase in isolation (baseline condition) and the same phrase embedded in utterances of increased length and/or increased syntactic complexity. The spatiotemporal index (STI) was used to quantify the stability of lower lip movements across multiple repetitions of the target phrase. Results indicated: (a) Adults who stutter demonstrated higher overall STI values than normally fluent adults across all experimental conditions, indicating decreased speech motor stability; (b) the speech motor stability of normally fluent adults was not affected by increasing syntactic complexity, but the speech motor stability of adults who stutter decreased when the stimuli were more complex; (c) increasing the length of the target utterance (without increasing syntactic complexity) did not affect the speech motor stability of either speaker group. These results indicate that language formulation processes may affect speech production processes and that the speech motor systems of adults who stutter may be especially susceptible to the linguistic demands required to produce a more complex utterance. The present findings, therefore, support the hypothesis that linguistic complexity is one factor that contributes to the disruptions of speech motor stability characteristic of stuttering.
238 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the consequences of adopting recent proposals by Chomsky, according to which the syntactic derivation proceeds in terms of phases, are explored, and a theory of the fact that syntactic constituents receive default phrase stress not across the board, but as a function of yet-to-beexplicated conditions on their syntactic context.
Abstract: In this article we will explore the consequences of adopting recent proposals by Chomsky, according to which the syntactic derivation proceeds in terms of phases. The notion of phase - through the associated notion ofspellout - allows for an insightful theory of the fact that syntactic constituents receive default phrase stress not across the board, but as a function of yet-to-be-explicated conditions on their syntactic context. We will see that the phonological evidence requires us to modify somewhat the theory of which functional categories actually define a phase. Patterns of default, syntax-determined, phrase stress are argued to result from prosodic spellout requiring the highest phrase in the spellout domain to correspond to a major prosodic phrase in phonological representation, and carry major phrase stress.
237 citations
Proceedings Article•
19 Jun 2011TL;DR: A new data set is introduced that pairs English Wikipedia with Simple English Wikipedia and is orders of magnitude larger than any previously examined for sentence simplification and contains the full range of simplification operations including rewording, reordering, insertion and deletion.
Abstract: In this paper we examine the task of sentence simplification which aims to reduce the reading complexity of a sentence by incorporating more accessible vocabulary and sentence structure. We introduce a new data set that pairs English Wikipedia with Simple English Wikipedia and is orders of magnitude larger than any previously examined for sentence simplification. The data contains the full range of simplification operations including rewording, reordering, insertion and deletion. We provide an analysis of this corpus as well as preliminary results using a phrase-based translation approach for simplification.
237 citations
TL;DR: Left- and right-brain damaged subjects did not differ in single word comprehension, but opposite patterns on the two other tasks were revealed, with LBD subjects performing worse on novel than familiar phrases, and RBD subject impaired on familiar phrase but not on novel sentence comprehension.
236 citations
TL;DR: New evidence is provided from Spanish and English self-paced reading experiments on relative clause attachment ambiguities that involve three possible attachment sites that suggest that a principle like Late Closure is in fact universally operative in the human parser, but that it is modulated by at least one other factor in the processing of relative clause attachments.
235 citations