Topic
Phrase
About: Phrase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 12580 publications have been published within this topic receiving 317823 citations. The topic is also known as: syntagma & phrases.
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TL;DR: This method can translate missing word and phrase entries by learning language structures based on large monolingual data and mapping between languages from small bilingual data and uses distributed representation of words and learns a linear mapping between vector spaces of languages.
Abstract: Dictionaries and phrase tables are the basis of modern statistical machine translation systems. This paper develops a method that can automate the process of generating and extending dictionaries and phrase tables. Our method can translate missing word and phrase entries by learning language structures based on large monolingual data and mapping between languages from small bilingual data. It uses distributed representation of words and learns a linear mapping between vector spaces of languages. Despite its simplicity, our method is surprisingly effective: we can achieve almost 90% precision@5 for translation of words between English and Spanish. This method makes little assumption about the languages, so it can be used to extend and refine dictionaries and translation tables for any language pairs.
1,564 citations
25 Jun 2005
TL;DR: The model is formally a synchronous context-free grammar but is learned from a bitext without any syntactic information, which can be seen as a shift to the formal machinery of syntax-based translation systems without any linguistic commitment.
Abstract: We present a statistical phrase-based translation model that uses hierarchical phrases---phrases that contain subphrases. The model is formally a synchronous context-free grammar but is learned from a bitext without any syntactic information. Thus it can be seen as a shift to the formal machinery of syntax-based translation systems without any linguistic commitment. In our experiments using BLEU as a metric, the hierarchical phrase-based model achieves a relative improvement of 7.5% over Pharaoh, a state-of-the-art phrase-based system.
1,295 citations
Book•
19 Jul 2013
TL;DR: This chapter discusses language architecture, semantics, and metaphorical modes of expression in the context of a clause-based system.
Abstract: Preface PART I: THE CLAUSE Chapter 1: The architecture of language Chapter 2: Towards a functional grammar Chapter 3: Clause as message Chapter 4: Clause as exchange Chapter 5: Clause as representation PART II: ABOVE, BELOW AND BEYOND THE CLAUSE Chapter 6: Below the clause: groups and phases Chapter 7: Above the clause: the clause complex Chapter 8: Group and phrase complexes Chapter 9: Around the clause: cohesion and discourse Chapter 10: Beyond the clause: metaphorical modes of expression References Index
1,229 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that the human sentence parsing device assigns phrase structure to word strings in two steps, and the assumption that the units which are shunted from the first stage to the second stage are defined by their length, rather than by their syntactic type explains the effects of constituent length on perceptual complexity in center embedded sentences.
1,155 citations
07 Dec 2015
TL;DR: This paper presents Flickr30K Entities, which augments the 158k captions from Flickr30k with 244k coreference chains linking mentions of the same entities in images, as well as 276k manually annotated bounding boxes corresponding to each entity, essential for continued progress in automatic image description and grounded language understanding.
Abstract: The Flickr30k dataset has become a standard benchmark for sentence-based image description. This paper presents Flickr30k Entities, which augments the 158k captions from Flickr30k with 244k coreference chains linking mentions of the same entities in images, as well as 276k manually annotated bounding boxes corresponding to each entity. Such annotation is essential for continued progress in automatic image description and grounded language understanding. We present experiments demonstrating the usefulness of our annotations for text-to-image reference resolution, or the task of localizing textual entity mentions in an image, and for bidirectional image-sentence retrieval. These experiments confirm that we can further improve the accuracy of state-of-the-art retrieval methods by training with explicit region-to-phrase correspondence, but at the same time, they show that accurately inferring this correspondence given an image and a caption remains really challenging.
1,027 citations