Topic
Phytoalexin
About: Phytoalexin is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1161 publications have been published within this topic receiving 63405 citations. The topic is also known as: phytoalexins.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
Patent•
08 Mar 2000
TL;DR: Soybean and Medicago truncatula CYP93C genes have been isolated which encode a cytochrome P450 that can catalyze the aryl migration of a flavanone to yield an isoflavanone intermediate or an is oflavone.
Abstract: Soybean and Medicago truncatula CYP93C genes have been isolated which encode a cytochrome P450 that can catalyze the aryl migration of a flavanone to yield an isoflavanone intermediate or an isoflavone. Plants can now be genetically engineered to produce isoflavones that provide potential human health benefits and increase disease resistance in plants. Isoflavones can now be produced in transgenic plants species in which isoflavones do not naturally occur, i.e., in species other than legumes. Alternatively, introducing infection-inducible isoflavonoid biosynthesis into non-legumes qualitatively complements these plants phytoalexin defenses against microbial pathogens, whereas over-expression of the isoflavonoid pathway in legumes quantitatively increases this defense response. Finally, modifying the extend of production of isoflavonoids in legume roots positively impacts nodulation efficiency and therefore plant yield.
11 citations
TL;DR: The results probably suggest the presence of two ent-KS synthase in barley, one (HvKSL1) that participates in the biosynthesis of GAs and another (HVKSL4) that is involved in the biochemicals of phytoalexins and/or gibberellins that are involved in plant immunity and development.
11 citations
TL;DR: The possible dual role of polygalacturonase isoenzymes from B. fabae as putative pathogenicity determinants or defence responses elicitors during broad bean colonisation is discussed.
Abstract: Polygalacturonase, produced by Botrytis fabae in infected faba bean pods, was separated by isoelectric focusing and tested as possible elicitor of the phytoalexins wyerone acid and wyerone The isoenzyme profile was characterised by multiple forms within a restricted range of isoelectric points (pI) These were indicated as very acidic, acidic and basic Using liquid isoelectric focusing, polygalacturonase isoenzymes were separated into four different isoenzyme pools These pools, tested at a range of concentrations, acted as an elicitor of wyerone acid and wyerone in endocarp pod tissues, the former being more prevalent The level of phytoalexin accumulation varied depending on the enzymatic pool tested Time course analysis revealed that phytoalexins accumulated at higher levels when lower enzyme doses were used Each pool of isoenzymes was found to produce dark-brownish lesions similar to those observed from tissues inoculated with the pathogen The possible dual role of polygalacturonase isoenzymes from B fabae as putative pathogenicity determinants or defence responses elicitors during broad bean colonisation is discussed
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the regulatory function of VvWRKY18 from the group IIa of WRKY transcription factor from Vitis vinifera, in the regulation of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA)-activated stilbene phytoalexins biosynthesis and PATHOGENESis-related (PR) genes expressions in grapes was investigated.
Abstract: Induction of phytoalexin production after invading pathogens is recognized as an essential aspect of the plant-induced resistance The WRKY family includes plant-specific transcriptional factors associated with plant defense responses, but the comprehensive mechanisms are poorly understood Here, we attempted to elaborate the regulatory function of VvWRKY18 from the group IIa of WRKY transcription factor (TF) from Vitis vinifera, in the regulation of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA)-activated stilbene phytoalexins biosynthesis and PATHOGENESIS-RELATED (PR) genes expressions in grapes BABA at 10 mmol L-1 triggered a priming protection in grapes and conferred a potentiation of the expression levels of VvWRKY18, VvNPR1, and several salicylic acid (SA)-responsive genes, which was accompanied by enhanced stilbene production upon Botrytis cinerea infection In addition, a physical interaction between VvWRKY18 and the regulatory protein VvNPR1 was detected in vivo and in vitro by yeast-2-hybrid (Y2H), pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assay (Co-IP) assays Furthermore, yeast-1-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) assays indicated that VvWRKY18 activated the transcription of STILBENE SYNTHASE (STS) genes, including VvSTS1 and VvSTS2, by directly binding the W-box elements within the specific promoters and resultantly enhancing stilbene phytoalexins biosynthesis Further investigation demonstrated that heterologous expression of VvWRKY18 elevated the transcriptions of STS and PR genes, thus contributing to potentiating the defense of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants and resultantly inhibiting B cinerea invasion Hence, VvWRKY18 serves as a singular effector involved in the synthesis of stilbene phytoalexins in grapes and its interaction with VvNPR1 provided DNA binding ability required for VvNPR1 to initiate systemic acquired resistance (SAR) defense
11 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that H 2 O 2 contributes to the induction of the defense response in pea endocarp tissue, which is likely mediated by activation of DNA damage responses.
11 citations